McDonald Margarethe, Mormer Elizabeth, Kaushanskaya Margarita
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.
Appl Psycholinguist. 2020 Sep;41(5):993-1015. doi: 10.1017/s0142716420000326. Epub 2020 Jul 24.
Acoustic cues to deception on a picture naming task were analyzed in three groups of English speakers: monolinguals, bilinguals with English as their first language (English-L1), and bilinguals with English as a second language (English-L2). Results revealed that all participants had longer reaction times when generating falsehoods than when producing truths, and that the effect was more robust for English-L2 bilinguals than for the other two groups. Articulation rate was higher for all groups when producing lies. Mean fundamental frequency and intensity cues were not reliable cues to deception, but there was lower variance in both of these parameters when generating false vs. true labels for all participants. Results suggest that naming latency was the only cue to deception that differed by language background. These findings broadly support the cognitive-load theory of deception, suggesting that a combination of producing deceptive speech and using a second language puts an extra load on the speaker.
单语者、以英语为第一语言的双语者（英语 - L1）以及以英语为第二语言的双语者（英语 - L2）。结果显示，所有参与者编造谎言时的反应时间都比说出真话时更长，并且这种效应在英语 - L2双语者中比在其他两组中更为明显。所有组在说谎时的发音速度都更快。平均基频和强度线索并不是欺骗行为的可靠线索，但对于所有参与者来说，在生成虚假标签与真实标签时，这两个参数的方差都更低。结果表明，命名潜伏期是唯一因语言背景不同而产生差异的欺骗线索。这些发现广泛支持了欺骗行为的认知负荷理论，表明编造欺骗性言语和使用第二语言的结合给说话者带来了额外的负担。
