Tabata Fuka, Wada Yasuaki, Kawakami Satomi, Miyaji Kazuhiro
Wellness & Nutrition Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83 Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Mar 24;10(4):503. doi: 10.3390/antiox10040503.
Serum albumin is the most abundant circulating protein in mammals including humans. It has three isoforms according to the redox state of the free cysteine residue at position 34, named as mercaptalbumin (reduced albumin), non-mercaptalbumin-1 and -2 (oxidized albumin), respectively. The serum albumin redox state has long been viewed as a biomarker of systemic oxidative stress, as the redox state shifts to a more oxidized state in response to the severity of the pathological condition in various diseases such as liver diseases and renal failures. However, recent ex vivo studies revealed oxidized albumin per se could aggravate the pathological conditions. Furthermore, the possibility of the serum albumin redox state as a sensitive protein nutrition biomarker has also been demonstrated in a series of animal studies. A paradigm shift is thus ongoing in the research field of the serum albumin. This article provides an updated overview of analytical techniques for serum albumin redox state and its association with human health, focusing on recent findings.
血清白蛋白是包括人类在内的哺乳动物中最丰富的循环蛋白。根据34位游离半胱氨酸残基的氧化还原状态，它有三种异构体，分别命名为巯基白蛋白（还原型白蛋白）、非巯基白蛋白-1和-2（氧化型白蛋白）。长期以来，血清白蛋白的氧化还原状态一直被视为全身氧化应激的生物标志物，因为在诸如肝病和肾衰竭等各种疾病中，随着病理状况的严重程度增加，氧化还原状态会转变为更氧化的状态。然而，最近的体外研究表明，氧化型白蛋白本身会加重病理状况。此外，一系列动物研究也证明了血清白蛋白氧化还原状态作为敏感的蛋白质营养生物标志物的可能性。因此，血清白蛋白研究领域正在发生范式转变。本文提供了血清白蛋白氧化还原状态分析技术及其与人类健康关联的最新综述，重点关注近期研究结果。
