Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain.
Polimerbio, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, 28009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 29;22(7):3546. doi: 10.3390/ijms22073546.
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are some of the most promising stem cell types for regenerative therapies given their ability to grow in the absence of serum and their realistic possibility to be used in autologous grafts. In this review, we describe the particular advantages of hDPSCs for neuroregenerative cell therapies. We thoroughly discuss the knowledge about their embryonic origin and characteristics of their postnatal niche, as well as the current status of cell culture protocols to maximize their multilineage differentiation potential, highlighting some common issues when assessing neuronal differentiation fates of hDPSCs. We also review the recent progress on neuroprotective and immunomodulatory capacity of hDPSCs and their secreted extracellular vesicles, as well as their combination with scaffold materials to improve their functional integration on the injured central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). Finally, we offer some perspectives on the current and possible future applications of hDPSCs in neuroregenerative cell therapies.
牙髓干细胞（hDPSCs）是最有前途的干细胞类型之一，用于再生疗法，因为它们能够在没有血清的情况下生长，并且具有实现自体移植物的实际可能性。在这篇综述中，我们描述了 hDPSCs 用于神经再生细胞疗法的特殊优势。我们深入讨论了它们的胚胎起源和出生后龛位的特征，以及目前最大化其多能分化潜能的细胞培养方案的现状，强调了评估 hDPSCs 的神经元分化命运时的一些常见问题。我们还回顾了 hDPSCs 及其分泌的细胞外囊泡的神经保护和免疫调节能力的最新进展，以及它们与支架材料的结合，以改善其在受损中枢神经系统（CNS）和周围神经系统（PNS）上的功能整合。最后，我们对 hDPSCs 在神经再生细胞疗法中的当前和可能的未来应用提供了一些观点。
