Wild Laura E, Alderete Tanya L, Naik Noopur C, Patterson William B, Berger Paige K, Jones Roshonda B, Plows Jasmine F, Goran Michael I
Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA.
Department of Pediatrics The Saban Research Institute Children's Hospital Los Angeles University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA.
Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Feb 13;9(4):1842-1850. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.2085. eCollection 2021 Apr.
There is a high prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in the United States, particularly among Hispanic women, which may be partly explained by failure to lose gestational weight during the postpartum period. Previous work indicates that protein and amino acids may protect against weight gain; therefore, this study examined the impact of dietary protein and amino acid intake on changes in postpartum weight and the percent of women meeting the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for these dietary variables among Hispanic women from the Southern California Mother's Milk Study ( = 99). Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to examine the associations between protein and amino acid intake with change in weight after adjusting for maternal age, height, and energy intake. Women's weight increased from prepregnancy to 1-month and 6-months postpartum (71.1 ± 14.6 vs. 73.1 ± 13.1 vs. 74.5 ± 14.6 kg, < .0001). Although dietary protein was not associated with weight change ( = -1.09; = .13), phenylalanine ( = -1.46; = .04), tryptophan ( = -1.71; = .009), valine ( = -1.34; = .04), isoleucine ( = -1.26; = .045), and cysteine ( = -1.52; = .02) intake were inversely associated with weight change. Additionally, fewer women met the EAR values for cysteine (11.1%), phenylalanine (60.6%), and methionine (69.7%), whereas most women met the EAR values for tryptophan (92.9%), valine (96.0%), and isoleucine (94.9%). Study results indicate that several essential and conditionally essential amino acids were associated with postpartum weight loss, with a significant portion of women not meeting recommended intake levels for some of these amino acids. These results highlight the importance of postpartum maternal diet as a potential modifiable risk factor.
在美国，肥胖和2型糖尿病的患病率很高，尤其是在西班牙裔女性中，这可能部分归因于产后未能减掉孕期增加的体重。先前的研究表明，蛋白质和氨基酸可能有助于防止体重增加；因此，本研究在南加州母乳研究中的西班牙裔女性（n = 99）中，考察了膳食蛋白质和氨基酸摄入量对产后体重变化以及达到这些膳食变量估计平均需求量（EAR）的女性百分比的影响。多变量线性回归分析用于在调整产妇年龄、身高和能量摄入量后，考察蛋白质和氨基酸摄入量与体重变化之间的关联。女性体重从孕前增加到产后1个月和6个月（71.1±14.6千克对73.1±13.1千克对74.5±14.6千克，P <.0001）。尽管膳食蛋白质与体重变化无关（β = -1.09；P =.13），但苯丙氨酸（β = -1.46；P =.04）、色氨酸（β = -1.71；P =.009）、缬氨酸（β = -1.34；P =.04）、异亮氨酸（β = -1.26；P =.045）和半胱氨酸（β = -1.52；P =.02）的摄入量与体重变化呈负相关。此外，达到半胱氨酸（11.1%）、苯丙氨酸（60.6%）和蛋氨酸（69.7%）EAR值的女性较少，而大多数女性达到色氨酸（92.9%）、缬氨酸（96.0%）和异亮氨酸（94.9%）的EAR值。研究结果表明，几种必需氨基酸和条件必需氨基酸与产后体重减轻有关，且相当一部分女性未达到其中一些氨基酸的推荐摄入量水平。这些结果凸显了产后母亲饮食作为一个潜在可改变风险因素的重要性。
