Stangier Ulrich, Schüller Johanna, Brähler Elmar
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 15;11(1):8283. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87351-3.
Social pain is an emotional reaction to social exclusion which has been widely investigated in experimental settings. We developed the Social Pain Questionnaire (SPQ) and examined its factor structure, reliability, and construct validity. We constructed a 46-item pool that covered a broad range of situations related to social pain. Using three different subsamples (Online convenience sample: n = 623, Representative sample: n = 2531, Clinical sample of outpatients seeking psychotherapy: n = 270) we reduced the item pool to 10 items for the final SPQ scale, paying particular attention to content validity and factorial structure. Convergent, divergent and discriminant validity were assessed using standardized measures of related constructs and group differences. For the final 10-item version, a good factorial structure and reliability were found. Convergent validity was supported by correlations with related instruments of interpersonal sensitivity, attachment styles, depression and social anxiety. The representative and clinical sample differed significantly in social pain. The SPQ is an economic self-report measure with solid psychometric properties. Our data support the factorial, construct and convergent validity. The SPQ can be used to clarify the role of social pain in mental disorders and to incorporate interventions targeted towards social pain in psychotherapeutic settings.
社会疼痛是对社会排斥的一种情绪反应，在实验环境中已得到广泛研究。我们开发了社会疼痛问卷（SPQ），并检验了其因子结构、信度和结构效度。我们构建了一个包含46个条目的题库，涵盖了与社会疼痛相关的广泛情境。使用三个不同的子样本（在线便利样本：n = 623，代表性样本：n = 2531，寻求心理治疗的门诊临床样本：n = 270），我们将题库缩减至10个条目，形成最终的SPQ量表，特别关注内容效度和因子结构。使用相关构念的标准化测量方法和组间差异评估了聚合效度、区分效度和判别效度。对于最终的10个条目版本，发现了良好的因子结构和信度。与人际敏感性、依恋风格、抑郁和社交焦虑的相关工具的相关性支持了聚合效度。代表性样本和临床样本在社会疼痛方面存在显著差异。SPQ是一种经济的自我报告测量工具，具有可靠的心理测量特性。我们的数据支持其因子效度、结构效度和聚合效度。SPQ可用于阐明社会疼痛在精神障碍中的作用，并将针对社会疼痛的干预措施纳入心理治疗环境。
