Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6 Street, 60-780 Poznań, Poland.
Aquanet Laboratory Ltd., 126 Dolna Wilda Street, 61-492 Poznań, Poland.
Molecules. 2021 Apr 21;26(9):2415. doi: 10.3390/molecules26092415.
Beehive products possess nutritional value and health-promoting properties and are recommended as so-called "superfoods". However, because of their natural origin, they may contain relevant elemental contaminants. Therefore, to assess the quality of bee products, we examined concentrations of a broad range of 24 selected elements in propolis, bee pollen, and royal jelly. The quantitative analyses were performed with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) techniques. The results of our research indicate that bee products contain essential macronutrients (i.e., K, P, and S) and micronutrients (i.e., Zn and Fe) in concentrations depending on the products' type. However, the presence of toxic heavy metals makes it necessary to test the quality of bee products before using them as dietary supplements. Bearing in mind that bee products are highly heterogenous and, depending on the environmental factors, differ in their elemental content, it is necessary to develop standards regulating the acceptable levels of inorganic pollutants. Furthermore, since bees and their products are considered to be an effective biomonitoring tool, our results may reflect the environment's condition in west-central Poland, affecting the health and well-being of both humans and bees.
蜂巢产品具有营养价值和促进健康的特性，被推荐为所谓的“超级食品”。然而，由于它们的天然来源，它们可能含有相关的元素污染物。因此，为了评估蜂产品的质量，我们检测了蜂胶、蜂花粉和蜂王浆中 24 种选定元素的浓度。定量分析采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-OES）技术进行。我们的研究结果表明，蜂产品中含有必需的大量营养素（即 K、P 和 S）和微量元素（即 Zn 和 Fe），其浓度取决于产品的类型。然而，有毒重金属的存在使得在将蜂产品用作膳食补充剂之前有必要对其质量进行测试。考虑到蜂产品高度不均匀，并且根据环境因素，其元素含量存在差异，有必要制定标准来规范无机污染物的可接受水平。此外，由于蜜蜂及其产品被认为是一种有效的生物监测工具，我们的结果可能反映了波兰中西部地区的环境状况，影响了人类和蜜蜂的健康和福祉。
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