Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BMGIC, U1035, Immuno-dermatology Team, Bordeaux, France.
INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France.
Front Immunol. 2021 Apr 14;12:613056. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.613056. eCollection 2021.
Multiple factors are involved in the process leading to melanocyte loss in vitiligo including environmental triggers, genetic polymorphisms, metabolic alterations, and autoimmunity. This review aims to highlight current knowledge on how danger signals released by stressed epidermal cells in a predisposed patient can trigger the innate immune system and initiate a cascade of events leading to an autoreactive immune response, ultimately contributing to melanocyte disappearance in vitiligo. We will explore the genetic data available, the specific role of damage-associated-molecular patterns, and pattern-recognition receptors, as well as the cellular players involved in the innate immune response. Finally, the relevance of therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway to improve this inflammatory and autoimmune condition is also discussed.
多种因素参与导致白癜风黑素细胞丧失的过程，包括环境触发因素、遗传多态性、代谢改变和自身免疫。本综述旨在强调目前关于应激表皮细胞在易患患者中释放的危险信号如何触发固有免疫系统并启动一系列导致自身免疫反应的事件的知识，最终导致白癜风中黑素细胞消失。我们将探讨现有的遗传数据、损伤相关分子模式和模式识别受体的特定作用，以及固有免疫反应中涉及的细胞因子。最后，还讨论了针对该途径的治疗策略的相关性，以改善这种炎症和自身免疫状况。
