Medeiros Sylvia Lima de Souza, Paiva Mizziara Marlen Matias de, Lopes Paulo Henrique, Blanco Wilfredo, Lima Françoise Dantas de, Oliveira Jaime Bruno Cirne de, Medeiros Inácio Gomes, Sequerra Eduardo Bouth, de Souza Sandro, Leite Tatiana Silva, Ribeiro Sidarta
Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
iScience. 2021 Mar 25;24(4):102223. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102223. eCollection 2021 Apr 23.
Previous observations suggest the existence of 'Active sleep' in cephalopods. To investigate in detail the behavioral structure of cephalopod sleep, we video-recorded four adult specimens of and quantified their distinct states and transitions. Changes in skin color and texture and movements of eyes and mantle were assessed using automated image processing tools, and arousal threshold was measured using sensory stimulation. Two distinct states unresponsive to stimulation occurred in tandem. The first was a 'Quiet sleep' state with uniformly pale skin, closed pupils, and long episode durations (median 415.2 s). The second was an 'Active sleep' state with dynamic skin patterns of color and texture, rapid eye movements, and short episode durations (median 40.8 s). 'Active sleep' was periodic (60% of recurrences between 26 and 39 min) and occurred mostly after 'Quiet sleep' (82% of transitions). These results suggest that cephalopods have an ultradian sleep cycle analogous to that of amniotes.
先前的观察表明头足类动物存在“活跃睡眠”。为了详细研究头足类动物睡眠的行为结构，我们对4只成年标本进行了视频记录，并对它们不同的状态和转换进行了量化。使用自动图像处理工具评估皮肤颜色和质地的变化以及眼睛和外套膜的运动，并使用感官刺激测量觉醒阈值。两种对刺激无反应的不同状态同时出现。第一种是“安静睡眠”状态，皮肤均匀苍白，瞳孔闭合，发作持续时间长（中位数为415.2秒）。第二种是“活跃睡眠”状态，皮肤有动态的颜色和质地图案，眼球快速运动，发作持续时间短（中位数为40.8秒）。“活跃睡眠”是周期性的（60%的复发间隔在26至39分钟之间），并且大多发生在“安静睡眠”之后（82%的转换）。这些结果表明，头足类动物具有类似于羊膜动物的超日睡眠周期。
