Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India.
Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai 200032, China.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2022 Nov;86(Pt 3):706-731. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.021. Epub 2021 May 29.
Microbial polysaccharides (MPs) offer immense diversity in structural and functional properties. They are extensively used in advance biomedical science owing to their superior biodegradability, hemocompatibility, and capability to imitate the natural extracellular matrix microenvironment. Ease in tailoring, inherent bio-activity, distinct mucoadhesiveness, ability to absorb hydrophobic drugs, and plentiful availability of MPs make them prolific green biomaterials to overcome the significant constraints of cancer chemotherapeutics. Many studies have demonstrated their application to obstruct tumor development and extend survival through immune activation, apoptosis induction, and cell cycle arrest by MPs. Synoptic investigations of MPs are compulsory to decode applied basics in recent inclinations towards cancer regimens. The current review focuses on the anticancer properties of commercially available and newly explored MPs, and outlines their direct and indirect mode of action. The review also highlights cutting-edge MPs-based drug delivery systems to augment the specificity and efficiency of available chemotherapeutics, as well as their emerging role in theranostics.
微生物多糖（MPs）在结构和功能特性上具有巨大的多样性。由于其具有优异的生物降解性、血液相容性以及模拟天然细胞外基质微环境的能力，它们被广泛应用于先进的生物医学科学领域。 MPs 易于修饰、具有内在的生物活性、独特的黏膜黏附性、能够吸收疏水性药物，并且供应量丰富，使其成为丰富的绿色生物材料，可以克服癌症化疗的重大限制。许多研究表明，通过 MPs 激活免疫、诱导细胞凋亡和细胞周期停滞，可以应用于阻止肿瘤发展和延长生存期。对 MPs 的综合研究对于解码癌症治疗方案的最新趋势中的应用基础是必要的。本综述重点介绍了商业上可用的和新探索的 MPs 的抗癌特性，并概述了它们的直接和间接作用模式。该综述还强调了基于 MPs 的药物输送系统，以提高现有化疗药物的特异性和效率，以及它们在治疗学中的新兴作用。
