Fedotchev Alexander, Parin Sergey, Polevaya Sofia, Zemlianaia Anna
Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya St., Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia.
Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, 23 Prospekt Gagarina, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
J Pers Med. 2021 May 20;11(5):437. doi: 10.3390/jpm11050437.
The creation and improvement of non-invasive closed-loop brain stimulation technologies represent an exciting and rapidly expanding field of neuroscience. To identify the appropriate way to close the feedback loop in adaptive neurostimulation procedures, it was previously proposed to use on-line automatic sensory stimulation with the parameters modulated by the patient's own rhythmical processes, such as respiratory rate, heart rate, and electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythms. The current paper aims to analyze several recent studies demonstrating further development in this line of research. The advantages of using automatic closed-loop feedback from human endogenous rhythms in non-invasive adaptive neurostimulation procedures have been demonstrated for relaxation assistance, for the correction of stress-induced functional disturbances, for anxiety management, and for the cognitive rehabilitation of an individual. Several distinctive features of the approach are noted to delineate its further development.
无创闭环脑刺激技术的创建和改进代表了神经科学中一个令人兴奋且迅速发展的领域。为了确定在自适应神经刺激程序中关闭反馈回路的合适方法，之前有人提出使用在线自动感觉刺激，其参数由患者自身的节律性过程（如呼吸频率、心率和脑电图（EEG）节律）调制。本文旨在分析最近的几项研究，这些研究展示了这一研究方向的进一步发展。在无创自适应神经刺激程序中，利用人类内源性节律的自动闭环反馈在放松辅助、纠正压力诱导的功能障碍、焦虑管理以及个体认知康复方面的优势已得到证实。该方法的几个显著特征也被指出，以描绘其进一步的发展方向。
