Centro de Estudos de Educação, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana e UIDEF, Instituto de Educação, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal.
Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte y la Educación Física, Universidad de A Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 6;18(9):4954. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094954.
Listening to adolescents' voices has been important to promote meaningful physical activity (PA) opportunities. Therefore, an updated systematic review of the available qualitative literature on adolescents' perspectives on the barriers and facilitators of PA was conducted, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies published between 2014 (date of the last systematic review) and 2020 were searched in the Web of Science, EBSCO, and SCOPUS databases. Based on the inclusion criteria applied, 30 out of 8069 studies were included in the review. A thematic analysis was used to inductively and deductively analyze the perspectives of ~1250 adolescents (13-18 years). The studies took place in 13 countries from different continents. The main PA barriers and facilitators of PA were presented and discussed around five higher-order themes: (1) Individual factors (e.g., psychological-motivation, self-efficacy; cognitive-knowledge, understanding; physical-motor skills); (2) social and relational factors (family, friends, significant others); (3) PA nature factors (fun, school-based PA and physical education); (4) life factors (time and competing activities; life-course); and (5) sociocultural and environmental factors (e.g., availability/access to PA facilities, programs; urban/rural zones). By transnationally framing adolescents' voices, this study provides updated evidence and discusses innovative implications for developing tailored interventions and pedagogical strategies aimed at promoting active and healthy lifestyles.
倾听青少年的声音对于促进有意义的体育活动（PA）机会至关重要。因此，根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目的指南，对青少年对 PA 的障碍和促进因素的现有定性文献进行了更新的系统评价。在 Web of Science、EBSCO 和 SCOPUS 数据库中搜索了 2014 年（上一次系统评价的日期）至 2020 年期间发表的研究。根据应用的纳入标准，从 8069 项研究中选出了 30 项纳入综述。采用主题分析方法对~1250 名青少年（13-18 岁）的观点进行了归纳和演绎分析。这些研究在来自不同大洲的 13 个国家进行。主要的 PA 障碍和促进因素围绕五个高级主题进行了呈现和讨论：（1）个体因素（如心理动机、自我效能感；认知知识、理解；身体运动技能）；（2）社会和关系因素（家庭、朋友、重要他人）；（3）PA 性质因素（乐趣、学校体育和体育教育）；（4）生活因素（时间和竞争活动；生活轨迹）；（5）社会文化和环境因素（如 PA 设施、项目的可及性/可用性；城市/农村地区）。通过跨国框架呈现青少年的声音，本研究提供了更新的证据，并讨论了开发针对特定人群的干预措施和教学策略的创新意义，旨在促进积极健康的生活方式。
