Arana Lide, Gallego Lucia, Alkorta Itziar
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Unibertsitateko Ibilbidea, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena Auzoa z/g, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 May 10;11(5):1251. doi: 10.3390/nano11051251.
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health as current antibiotics are becoming useless against resistant infectious pathogens. Consequently, new antimicrobial strategies are urgently required. Drug delivery systems represent a potential solution to improve current antibiotic properties and reverse resistance mechanisms. Among different drug delivery systems, solid lipid nanoparticles represent a highly interesting option as they offer many advantages for nontoxic targeted drug delivery. Several publications have demonstrated the capacity of SLNs to significantly improve antibiotic characteristics increasing treatment efficiency. In this review article, antibiotic-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle-related works are analyzed to summarize all information associated with applying these new formulations to tackle the antibiotic resistance problem. The main antimicrobial resistance mechanisms and relevant solid lipid nanoparticle characteristics are presented to later discuss the potential of these nanoparticles to improve current antibiotic treatment characteristics and overcome antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Moreover, solid lipid nanoparticles also offer new possibilities for other antimicrobial agents that cannot be administrated as free drugs. The advantages and disadvantages of these new formulations are also discussed in this review. Finally, given the progress of the studies carried out to date, future directions are discussed.
抗生素耐药性是全球健康面临的最大威胁之一，因为当前的抗生素对耐药性感染病原体正逐渐失效。因此，迫切需要新的抗菌策略。药物递送系统是改善现有抗生素特性和逆转耐药机制的潜在解决方案。在不同的药物递送系统中，固体脂质纳米粒是一个非常有吸引力的选择，因为它们为无毒靶向药物递送提供了许多优势。一些出版物已经证明了固体脂质纳米粒显著改善抗生素特性、提高治疗效率的能力。在这篇综述文章中，对载抗生素固体脂质纳米粒相关的研究进行了分析，以总结与应用这些新制剂解决抗生素耐药性问题相关的所有信息。介绍了主要的抗菌耐药机制和相关的固体脂质纳米粒特性，以便随后讨论这些纳米粒改善现有抗生素治疗特性和克服抗菌耐药机制的潜力。此外，固体脂质纳米粒也为其他不能以游离药物形式给药的抗菌剂提供了新的可能性。本综述还讨论了这些新制剂的优缺点。最后，鉴于迄今为止所开展研究的进展情况，探讨了未来的发展方向。
