Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India.
Department of Zoology, Gaur Brahman Degree College, Rohtak 124001, India.
Molecules. 2021 May 28;26(11):3278. doi: 10.3390/molecules26113278.
Obesity is a serious health complication in almost every corner of the world. Excessive weight gain results in the onset of several other health issues such as type II diabetes, cancer, respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal disorders (especially osteoarthritis), and cardiovascular diseases. As allopathic medications and derived pharmaceuticals are partially successful in overcoming this health complication, there is an incessant need to develop new alternative anti-obesity strategies with long term efficacy and less side effects. Plants harbor secondary metabolites such as phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids and other specific compounds that have been shown to have effective anti-obesity properties. Nanoencapsulation of these secondary metabolites enhances the anti-obesity efficacy of these natural compounds due to their speculated property of target specificity and enhanced efficiency. These nanoencapsulated and naive secondary metabolites show anti-obesity properties mainly by inhibiting the lipid and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, suppression of adipogenesis and appetite, and enhancing energy metabolism. This review focuses on the plants and their secondary metabolites, along with their nanoencapsulation, that have anti-obesity effects, with their possible acting mechanisms, for better human health.
肥胖是世界上几乎每个角落都面临的严重健康并发症。体重过度增加会导致其他一些健康问题的发生，如 II 型糖尿病、癌症、呼吸道疾病、肌肉骨骼疾病（特别是骨关节炎）和心血管疾病。由于对抗这种健康并发症，顺势疗法药物和衍生药物仅部分有效，因此需要不断开发具有长期疗效和较少副作用的新的替代抗肥胖策略。植物中含有次级代谢产物，如酚类、类黄酮、萜类和其他特定化合物，这些化合物已被证明具有有效的抗肥胖特性。由于推测这些天然化合物具有靶向特异性和增强的效率，因此对这些次级代谢产物进行纳米封装可以提高其抗肥胖功效。这些纳米封装的和原始的次级代谢产物主要通过抑制脂质和碳水化合物代谢酶、抑制脂肪生成和食欲、以及增强能量代谢来表现出抗肥胖特性。这篇综述重点介绍了具有抗肥胖作用的植物及其次级代谢产物，以及它们的纳米封装，及其可能的作用机制，以促进人类健康。
