Sanus Medical Center, Day Treatment Center for Children with Autism, Magnoliowa 2, 20-143 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Electronics and Information Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 May 27;21(11):3720. doi: 10.3390/s21113720.
Supporting the development of a child with autism is a multi-profile therapeutic work on disturbed areas, especially understanding and linguistic expression used in social communication and development of social contacts. Previous studies show that it is possible to perform some therapy using a robot. This article is a synthesis review of the literature on research with the use of robots in the therapy of children with the diagnosis of early childhood autism. The review includes scientific journals from 2005-2021. Using descriptors: ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorders), Social robots, and Robot-based interventions, an analysis of available research in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science was done. The results showed that a robot seems to be a great tool that encourages contact and involvement in joint activities. The review of the literature indicates the potential value of the use of robots in the therapy of people with autism as a facilitator in social contacts. Robot-Assisted Autism Therapy (RAAT) can encourage child to talk or do exercises. In the second aspect (prompting during a conversation), a robot encourages eye contact and suggests possible answers, e.g., during free conversation with a peer. In the third aspect (teaching, entertainment), the robot could play with autistic children in games supporting the development of joint attention. These types of games stimulate the development of motor skills and orientation in the body schema. In future work, a validation test would be desirable to check whether children with ASD are able to do the same with a real person by learning distrust and cheating the robot.
支持自闭症儿童的发展是一项针对受干扰领域的多方面治疗工作，特别是理解和语言表达在社会交流和社会联系发展中的应用。先前的研究表明，使用机器人进行某些治疗是可行的。本文是对使用机器人进行儿童自闭症早期诊断治疗的文献综述。综述包括了 2005 年至 2021 年的科学期刊。使用描述符：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）、社交机器人和基于机器人的干预措施，对 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 中的可用研究进行了分析。结果表明，机器人似乎是一种很好的工具，可以鼓励接触和参与联合活动。文献综述表明，机器人在自闭症治疗中的应用具有潜在价值，可以作为社交联系的促进者。机器人辅助自闭症治疗（RAAT）可以鼓励孩子说话或做运动。在第二个方面（对话中的提示），机器人鼓励眼神接触并提供可能的答案，例如，在与同龄人进行自由对话时。在第三个方面（教学、娱乐），机器人可以与自闭症儿童玩游戏，支持共同关注的发展。这些类型的游戏可以刺激运动技能的发展和身体图式的定向。在未来的工作中，需要进行验证测试，以检查自闭症儿童是否能够通过学习不信任和欺骗机器人来与真人进行相同的操作。
