Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
Centre for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
Dis Model Mech. 2021 Jul 1;14(7):1-17. doi: 10.1242/dmm.048934. Epub 2021 Jul 9.
Cancer cells constantly reprogram their metabolism as the disease progresses. However, our understanding of the metabolic complexity of cancer remains incomplete. Extensive research in the fruit fly Drosophila has established numerous tumor models ranging from hyperplasia to neoplasia. These fly tumor models exhibit a broad range of metabolic profiles and varying nutrient sensitivity. Genetic studies show that fly tumors can use various alternative strategies, such as feedback circuits and nutrient-sensing machinery, to acquire and consolidate distinct metabolic profiles. These studies not only provide fresh insights into the causes and functional relevance of metabolic reprogramming but also identify metabolic vulnerabilities as potential targets for cancer therapy. Here, we review the conceptual advances in cancer metabolism derived from comparing and contrasting the metabolic profiles of fly tumor models, with a particular focus on the Warburg effect, mitochondrial metabolism, and the links between diet and cancer.
癌细胞在疾病进展过程中不断重新编程其代谢。然而，我们对癌症代谢的复杂性的理解仍然不完整。在果蝇中进行的广泛研究已经建立了许多从增生到肿瘤形成的肿瘤模型。这些果蝇肿瘤模型表现出广泛的代谢特征和不同的营养敏感性。遗传研究表明，果蝇肿瘤可以使用各种替代策略，如反馈回路和营养感应机制，来获得和巩固不同的代谢特征。这些研究不仅为代谢重编程的原因和功能相关性提供了新的见解，还确定了代谢脆弱性作为癌症治疗的潜在靶点。在这里，我们通过比较和对比果蝇肿瘤模型的代谢特征，综述了癌症代谢方面的概念进展，特别关注了瓦伯格效应、线粒体代谢以及饮食与癌症之间的联系。
