Gachowska Martyna, Szlasa Wojciech, Saczko Jolanta, Kulbacka Julita
Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
Mol Biol Rep. 2021 Jul;48(7):5689-5697. doi: 10.1007/s11033-021-06535-2. Epub 2021 Jul 10.
The application of ginkgolides as a herbal remedy reaches ancient China. Over time many studies confirmed the neuroprotective effect of standard Ginkgo biloba tree extract-the only available ginkgolide source. Ginkgolides present a wide variety of neuroregulatory properties, commonly used in the therapy process of common diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and many other CNS-related diseases and disorders. The neuroregulative properties of ginkgolides include the conditioning of neurotransmitters action, e.g., glutamate or dopamine. Besides, natural compounds induce the inhibition of platelet-activating factors (PAF). Furthermore, ginkgolides influence the inflammatory process. This review focuses on the role of ginkgolides as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators and overviews their impact on the organism at the molecular, cellular, and physiological levels. The clinical application of ginkgolides is discussed as well.
银杏内酯作为一种草药疗法在中国古代就已应用。随着时间的推移，许多研究证实了标准银杏叶提取物（唯一可用的银杏内酯来源）的神经保护作用。银杏内酯具有多种神经调节特性，常用于常见疾病的治疗过程，如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病以及许多其他与中枢神经系统相关的疾病和病症。银杏内酯的神经调节特性包括调节神经递质的作用，例如谷氨酸或多巴胺。此外，天然化合物可诱导抑制血小板活化因子（PAF）。此外，银杏内酯会影响炎症过程。本综述重点关注银杏内酯作为神经递质或神经调节剂的作用，并概述它们在分子、细胞和生理水平上对机体的影响。还讨论了银杏内酯的临床应用。
