Alipal J, Lee T C, Koshy P, Abdullah H Z, Idris M I
Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Pagoh Higher Education Hub, 84600 Muar, Johor, Malaysia.
Department of Production and Operation Management, Faculty of Technology Management and Business, UTHM Parit Raja 86400, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
Heliyon. 2021 Jun 26;7(7):e07408. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07408. eCollection 2021 Jul.
Anodised titanium has a long history as a coating structure for implants due to its bioactive and ossified surface, which promotes rapid bone integration. In response to the growing literature on anodised titanium, this article is the first to revisit the evolution of anodised titanium as an implant coating. The review reports the process and mechanisms for the engineering of distinctive anodised titanium structures, the significant factors influencing the mechanisms of its formation, bioactivity, as well as recent pre- and post-surface treatments proposed to improve the performance of anodised titanium. The review then broadens the discussion to include future functional trends of anodised titanium, ranging from the provision of higher surface energy interactions in the design of biocomposite coatings (template stencil interface for mechanical interlock) to techniques for measuring the bone-to-implant contact (BIC), each with their own challenges. Overall, this paper provides up-to-date information on the impacts of the structure and function of anodised titanium as an implant coating and / tests, as well as the four key future challenges that are important for its clinical translations, namely (i) techniques to enhance the mechanical stability and (ii) testing techniques to measure the mechanical stability of anodised titanium, (iii) real-time/ detection methods for surface reactions, and (iv) cost-effectiveness for anodised titanium and its safety as a bone implant coating.
由于阳极氧化钛具有生物活性和骨化表面，能够促进快速骨整合，因此作为植入物涂层结构已有很长的历史。鉴于关于阳极氧化钛的文献不断增加，本文首次重新审视了阳极氧化钛作为植入物涂层的发展历程。该综述报告了独特阳极氧化钛结构的工程过程和机制、影响其形成机制、生物活性的重要因素，以及最近为改善阳极氧化钛性能而提出的表面预处理和后处理方法。该综述随后将讨论范围扩大到阳极氧化钛的未来功能趋势，从在生物复合涂层设计中提供更高的表面能相互作用（用于机械互锁的模板模具界面）到测量骨与植入物接触（BIC）的技术，每种方法都有各自的挑战。总体而言，本文提供了关于阳极氧化钛作为植入物涂层的结构和功能影响及测试的最新信息，以及对其临床转化至关重要的四个关键未来挑战，即（i）增强机械稳定性的技术和（ii）测量阳极氧化钛机械稳定性的测试技术，（iii）表面反应的实时检测方法，以及（iv）阳极氧化钛作为骨植入物涂层的成本效益及其安全性。
