Pislak Ocepek Metka, Toplak Ivan, Zajc Urška, Bevk Danilo
Institute of Pathology, Wild Animals, Fish and Bees, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Virology Unit, Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Pathogens. 2021 Jul 12;10(7):884. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10070884.
Slovenia has a long tradition of beekeeping and a high density of honeybee colonies, but less is known about bumblebees and their pathogens. Therefore, a study was conducted to define the incidence and prevalence of pathogens in bumblebees and to determine whether there are links between infections in bumblebees and honeybees. In 2017 and 2018, clinically healthy workers of bumblebees ( spp.) and honeybees () were collected on flowers at four different locations in Slovenia. In addition, bumblebee queens were also collected in 2018. Several pathogens were detected in the bumblebee workers using PCR and RT-PCR methods: 8.8% on acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), 58.5% on black queen cell virus (BQCV), 6.8% on deformed wing virus (DWV), 24.5% on sacbrood bee virus (SBV), 15.6% on Lake Sinai virus (LSV), 16.3% on , 8.2% on , 15.0% on and 17.0% on . In bumblebee queens, only the presence of BQCV, and was detected with 73.3, 26.3 and 33.3% positive samples, respectively. This study confirmed that several pathogens are regularly detected in both bumblebees and honeybees. Further studies on the pathogen transmission routes are required.
斯洛文尼亚有着悠久的养蜂传统，蜜蜂种群密度很高，但对于熊蜂及其病原体的了解却较少。因此，开展了一项研究，以确定熊蜂病原体的发病率和流行率，并确定熊蜂和蜜蜂的感染之间是否存在关联。2017年和2018年，在斯洛文尼亚四个不同地点的花朵上采集了临床健康的熊蜂（ 属）工蜂和蜜蜂（ 种）。此外，2018年还采集了熊蜂蜂王。使用PCR和RT-PCR方法在熊蜂工蜂中检测到了几种病原体：急性蜜蜂麻痹病毒（ABPV）的感染率为8.8%，黑蜂王台病毒（BQCV）为58.5%，残翅病毒（DWV）为6.8%，囊状幼虫病病毒（SBV）为24.5%，西奈湖病毒（LSV）为15.6%， 为16.3%， 为8.2%， 为15.0%， 为17.0%。在熊蜂蜂王中，仅检测到BQCV、 和 的存在，阳性样本分别为73.3%、26.3%和33.3%。这项研究证实，在熊蜂和蜜蜂中都经常检测到几种病原体。需要对病原体传播途径进行进一步研究。
