Guo Chengchen, Li Chunmei, Mu Xuan, Kaplan David L
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States.
Appl Phys Rev. 2020 Mar;7(1). doi: 10.1063/1.5091442. Epub 2020 Feb 26.
Silks spun by the arthropods are "ancient' materials historically utilized for fabricating high-quality textiles. Silks are natural protein-based biomaterials with unique physical and biological properties, including particularly outstanding mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Current goals to produce artificially engineered silks to enable additional applications in biomedical engineering, consumer products, and device fields, have prompted considerable effort towards new silk processing methods using bio-inspired spinning and advanced biopolymer processing. These advances have redefined silk as a promising biomaterial past traditional textile applications and into tissue engineering, drug delivery, and biodegradable medical devices. In this review, we highlight recent progress in understanding natural silk spinning systems, as well as advanced technologies used for processing and engineering silk into a broad range of new functional materials.
节肢动物吐的丝是一种“古老”的材料，历史上曾被用于制造高品质纺织品。丝绸是基于天然蛋白质的生物材料，具有独特的物理和生物学特性，尤其具有出色的机械性能和生物相容性。当前生产人工工程丝绸以在生物医学工程、消费品和设备领域实现更多应用的目标，促使人们为采用仿生纺丝和先进生物聚合物加工的新丝绸加工方法付出了巨大努力。这些进展将丝绸重新定义为一种有前途的生物材料，超越了传统的纺织应用，进入了组织工程、药物递送和可生物降解医疗设备领域。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了在理解天然丝绸纺丝系统方面的最新进展，以及用于将丝绸加工和工程化为广泛新型功能材料的先进技术。
