Public Health Wales, Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Cardiff, UK
Cardiff Metropolitan University School of Health Sciences, Cardiff, UK.
BMJ Open. 2021 Aug 18;11(8):e048335. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048335.
To identify ethnic differences in proportion positive for SARS-CoV-2, and proportion hospitalised, proportion admitted to intensive care and proportion died in hospital with COVID-19 during the first epidemic wave in Wales.
Descriptive analysis of 76 503 SARS-CoV-2 tests carried out in Wales to 31 May 2020. Cohort study of 4046 individuals hospitalised with confirmed COVID-19 between 1 March and 31 May. In both analyses, ethnicity was assigned using a name-based classifier.
Wales (UK).
Admission to an intensive care unit following hospitalisation with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Death within 28 days of a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test.
Using a name-based ethnicity classifier, we found a higher proportion of black, Asian and ethnic minority people tested for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR tested positive, compared with those classified as white. Hospitalised black, Asian and minority ethnic cases were younger (median age 53 compared with 76 years; p<0.01) and more likely to be admitted to intensive care. Bangladeshi (adjusted OR (aOR): 9.80, 95% CI 1.21 to 79.40) and 'white - other than British or Irish' (aOR: 1.99, 95% CI 1.15 to 3.44) ethnic groups were most likely to be admitted to intensive care unit. In Wales, older age (aOR for over 70 years: 10.29, 95% CI 6.78 to 15.64) and male gender (aOR: 1.38, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.59), but not ethnicity, were associated with death in hospitalised patients.
This study adds to the growing evidence that ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by COVID-19. During the first COVID-19 epidemic wave in Wales, although ethnic minority populations were less likely to be tested and less likely to be hospitalised, those that did attend hospital were younger and more likely to be admitted to intensive care. Primary, secondary and tertiary COVID-19 prevention should target ethnic minority communities in Wales.
在威尔士的第一波疫情期间，确定 SARS-CoV-2 检测呈阳性、住院、入住重症监护病房和死亡的比例在不同族裔之间的差异。
对 2020 年 5 月 31 日前在威尔士进行的 76503 例 SARS-CoV-2 检测进行描述性分析。对 3 月 1 日至 5 月 31 日期间确诊 COVID-19 住院的 4046 名个体进行队列研究。在这两项分析中，种族均使用基于姓名的分类器进行分配。
威尔士（英国）。
住院后 SARS-CoV-2 PCR 检测呈阳性的患者入住重症监护病房。SARS-CoV-2 PCR 检测呈阳性后 28 天内死亡。
使用基于姓名的种族分类器，我们发现接受 SARS-CoV-2 PCR 检测的黑人、亚洲人和少数族裔人群中，检测呈阳性的比例高于被归类为白人的人群。住院的黑人、亚洲人和少数族裔患者年龄更小（中位年龄 53 岁，而 76 岁；p<0.01），更有可能入住重症监护病房。孟加拉国（调整后的比值比（aOR）：9.80，95%置信区间 1.21 至 79.40）和“非英国或爱尔兰白人”（aOR：1.99，95%置信区间 1.15 至 3.44）族群最有可能被收入重症监护病房。在威尔士，年龄较大（70 岁以上年龄组的比值比：10.29，95%置信区间 6.78 至 15.64）和男性（比值比：1.38，95%置信区间 1.19 至 1.59），而非种族，与住院患者的院内死亡相关。
本研究进一步证明了少数族裔人群不成比例地受到 COVID-19 的影响。在威尔士的第一波 COVID-19 疫情中，尽管少数族裔人群接受检测的可能性较低，住院的可能性较低，但那些住院的患者年龄较小，更有可能入住重症监护病房。威尔士的 COVID-19 初级、二级和三级预防应针对少数族裔社区。
