Ndlovu Sindi P, Ngece Kwanele, Alven Sibusiso, Aderibigbe Blessing A
Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Aug 31;13(17):2959. doi: 10.3390/polym13172959.
Wound care is a major biomedical field that is challenging due to the delayed wound healing process. Some factors are responsible for delayed wound healing such as malnutrition, poor oxygen flow, smoking, diseases (such as diabetes and cancer), microbial infections, etc. The currently used wound dressings suffer from various limitations, including poor antimicrobial activity, etc. Wound dressings that are formulated from biopolymers (e.g., cellulose, chitin, gelatin, chitosan, etc.) demonstrate interesting properties, such as good biocompatibility, non-toxicity, biodegradability, and attractive antimicrobial activity. Although biopolymer-based wound dressings display the aforementioned excellent features, they possess poor mechanical properties. Gelatin, a biopolymer has excellent biocompatibility, hemostatic property, reduced cytotoxicity, low antigenicity, and promotes cellular attachment and growth. However, it suffers from poor mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity. It is crosslinked with other polymers to enhance its mechanical properties. Furthermore, the incorporation of antimicrobial agents into gelatin-based wound dressings enhance their antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo. This review is focused on the development of hybrid wound dressings from a combination of gelatin and other polymers with good biological, mechanical, and physicochemical features which are appropriate for ideal wound dressings. Gelatin-based wound dressings are promising scaffolds for the treatment of infected, exuding, and bleeding wounds. This review article reports gelatin-based wound dressings which were developed between 2016 and 2021.
伤口护理是一个主要的生物医学领域，由于伤口愈合过程延迟而具有挑战性。一些因素导致伤口愈合延迟，如营养不良、氧气供应不足、吸烟、疾病（如糖尿病和癌症）、微生物感染等。目前使用的伤口敷料存在各种局限性，包括抗菌活性差等。由生物聚合物（如纤维素、几丁质、明胶、壳聚糖等）制成的伤口敷料具有一些有趣的特性，如良好的生物相容性、无毒性、可生物降解性以及吸引人的抗菌活性。尽管基于生物聚合物的伤口敷料具有上述优异特性，但它们的机械性能较差。明胶作为一种生物聚合物，具有优异的生物相容性、止血性能、降低的细胞毒性、低抗原性，并能促进细胞附着和生长。然而，它的机械性能和抗菌活性较差。它与其他聚合物交联以增强其机械性能。此外，将抗菌剂掺入基于明胶的伤口敷料中可增强其在体外和体内的抗菌活性。本综述聚焦于由明胶和其他聚合物组合而成的混合伤口敷料的开发，这些敷料具有良好的生物学、机械和物理化学特性，适用于理想的伤口敷料。基于明胶的伤口敷料是治疗感染、渗出和出血伤口的有前景的支架。本文综述了2016年至2021年间开发的基于明胶的伤口敷料。
