Alven Sibusiso, Peter Sijongesonke, Mbese Zintle, Aderibigbe Blessing A
Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Feb 14;14(4):724. doi: 10.3390/polym14040724.
Diabetic wounds are severe injuries that are common in patients that suffer from diabetes. Most of the presently employed wound dressing scaffolds are inappropriate for treating diabetic wounds. Improper treatment of diabetic wounds usually results in amputations. The shortcomings that are related to the currently used wound dressings include poor antimicrobial properties, inability to provide moisture, weak mechanical features, poor biodegradability, and biocompatibility, etc. To overcome the poor mechanical properties, polymer-based wound dressings have been designed from the combination of biopolymers (natural polymers) (e.g., chitosan, alginate, cellulose, chitin, gelatin, etc.) and synthetic polymers (e.g., poly (vinyl alcohol), poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid), polylactide, poly-glycolic acid, polyurethanes, etc.) to produce effective hybrid scaffolds for wound management. The loading of bioactive agents or drugs into polymer-based wound dressings can result in improved therapeutic outcomes such as good antibacterial or antioxidant activity when used in the treatment of diabetic wounds. Based on the outstanding performance of polymer-based wound dressings on diabetic wounds in the pre-clinical experiments, the in vivo and in vitro therapeutic results of the wound dressing materials on the diabetic wound are hereby reviewed.
糖尿病伤口是糖尿病患者中常见的严重损伤。目前使用的大多数伤口敷料支架都不适合治疗糖尿病伤口。糖尿病伤口治疗不当通常会导致截肢。目前使用的伤口敷料存在的缺点包括抗菌性能差、无法提供水分、机械性能弱、生物降解性和生物相容性差等。为了克服机械性能差的问题，基于聚合物的伤口敷料已由生物聚合物（天然聚合物）（如壳聚糖、藻酸盐、纤维素、几丁质、明胶等）和合成聚合物（如聚乙烯醇、聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物、聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚氨酯等）组合设计而成，以生产用于伤口处理的有效混合支架。将生物活性剂或药物负载到基于聚合物的伤口敷料中，在用于治疗糖尿病伤口时可产生更好的治疗效果，如良好的抗菌或抗氧化活性。基于临床前实验中基于聚合物的伤口敷料在糖尿病伤口上的出色表现，在此综述伤口敷料材料对糖尿病伤口的体内和体外治疗结果。
