State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Aug 31;11:673724. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.673724. eCollection 2021.
Cancer is a significant global health problem and is characterized by a consistent increase in incidence and mortality rate. Deciphering the etiology and risk factors are essential parts of cancer research. Recently, the altered microbiome has been identified within the tumor microenvironment, tumor tissue, and even nonadjacent environments, which indicates a strong correlation between the microbiome and tumor development. However, the causation and mechanisms of this correlation remain unclear. Herein, we summarized and discussed the interaction between the microbiome and tumor progression. Firstly, the microbiome, which can be located in the tumor microenvironment, inside tumor tissues and in the nonadjacent environment, is different between cancer patients and healthy individuals. Secondly, the tumor can remodel microbial profiles by creating a more beneficial condition for the shifted microbiome. Third, the microbiome can promote tumorigenesis through a direct pathogenic process, including the establishment of an inflammatory environment and its effect on host immunity. The interactions between the microbiome and tumors can promote an understanding of the carcinogenesis and provide novel therapeutic strategies for cancers.
癌症是一个全球性的重大健康问题，其特征是发病率和死亡率持续上升。解析病因和风险因素是癌症研究的重要组成部分。最近，在肿瘤微环境、肿瘤组织甚至非相邻环境中都发现了微生物组的改变，这表明微生物组与肿瘤的发展之间存在很强的相关性。然而，这种相关性的因果关系和机制尚不清楚。在此，我们总结并讨论了微生物组与肿瘤进展之间的相互作用。首先，微生物组可以位于肿瘤微环境、肿瘤组织内和非相邻环境中，癌症患者和健康个体之间的微生物组存在差异。其次，肿瘤可以通过为移位的微生物组创造更有利的条件来重塑微生物图谱。第三，微生物组可以通过直接的致病过程促进肿瘤发生，包括建立炎症环境及其对宿主免疫的影响。微生物组与肿瘤之间的相互作用可以促进对致癌作用的理解，并为癌症提供新的治疗策略。
