Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan (Department of Oral Pathology).
Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan (Department of Pathology).
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022 Feb 15;35(1):39-51. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01829. Epub 2021 Sep 17.
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of smoking on the whole salivary flow rate (SFR), IgA levels and clinical oral dryness (COD) among active and passive smokers.
The participants were categorized as active smokers (N = 54) or passive smokers (N = 163). Saliva was collected in tubes and placed in ice storage at -70°C. Salivary IgA levels were assessed in duplication using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Following the saliva sample collection, the subjects were assessed for COD using the COD score, SFR and caries. Chi-square test, the t-test and ANOVA were employed to compare the clinical impact of the smoking status associated with specific variables (smoking status, number of cigarettes, active caries, gender, age, COD score, IgA level and SFR). A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.
Two hundred and seventeen subjects with the mean age of 32.86±6.30 years, with 145 males (66.8%) and 72 females (33.2%), were included in the study. Among the active smokers, 88.8% were males compared to 11.2% females. The active smokers had the mean age of 32.52 years, a COD score of 1.43, an IgA level of 1.39 g/l, and a SFR of 0.37 ml/min. Among the passive smokers, 59.5% were males and 40.5% were females, with the mean age of 32.97 years, a COD score of 0.87 g/l, an IgA level of 1.47, and a SFR of 0.42 ml/min. Active caries showed a positive correlation with the number of cigarettes, with significance in the >35 years age group (p < 0.05).
The study demonstrated significant differences in SFR, IgA and COD scores among the active and passive smokers. The number of cigarettes had a negative impact on saliva production, IgA levels, the oral health status, and the progression of caries with respect to age and gender. Smoking potentially leads to xerostomia associated with active caries. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022;35(1):39-51.
本研究旨在评估吸烟对主动吸烟者和被动吸烟者的全唾液流速（SFR）、IgA 水平和临床口腔干燥（COD）的影响。
将参与者分为主动吸烟者（N=54）或被动吸烟者（N=163）。收集唾液并置于-70°C 的冰储存管中。使用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法重复评估唾液 IgA 水平。收集唾液样本后，使用 COD 评分、SFR 和龋齿评估受试者的 COD。采用卡方检验、t 检验和方差分析比较与吸烟状况相关的特定变量（吸烟状况、吸烟支数、活动性龋齿、性别、年龄、COD 评分、IgA 水平和 SFR）的临床影响。p 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
共有 217 名平均年龄为 32.86±6.30 岁的受试者（145 名男性，占 66.8%；72 名女性，占 33.2%）纳入研究。主动吸烟者中，88.8%为男性，11.2%为女性。主动吸烟者的平均年龄为 32.52 岁，COD 评分为 1.43，IgA 水平为 1.39 g/l，SFR 为 0.37 ml/min。被动吸烟者中，59.5%为男性，40.5%为女性，平均年龄为 32.97 岁，COD 评分为 0.87 g/l，IgA 水平为 1.47，SFR 为 0.42 ml/min。主动龋齿与吸烟支数呈正相关，在>35 岁年龄组有统计学意义（p<0.05）。
本研究表明，主动吸烟者和被动吸烟者的 SFR、IgA 和 COD 评分存在显著差异。吸烟支数对唾液产生、IgA 水平、口腔健康状况和龋齿进展有负面影响，且与年龄和性别有关。吸烟可能导致与活动性龋齿相关的口干。国际职业医学与环境卫生杂志。2022；35（1）：39-51。
