Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
Chair of Drug and Cosmetics Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
Cells. 2021 Aug 24;10(9):2180. doi: 10.3390/cells10092180.
SNF1-related kinases 2 (SnRK2s) are central regulators of plant responses to environmental cues simultaneously playing a pivotal role in the plant development and growth in favorable conditions. They are activated in response to osmotic stress and some of them also to abscisic acid (ABA), the latter being key in ABA signaling. The SnRK2s can be viewed as molecular switches between growth and stress response; therefore, their activity is tightly regulated; needed only for a short time to trigger the response, it has to be induced transiently and otherwise kept at a very low level. This implies a strict and multifaceted control of SnRK2s in plant cells. Despite emerging new information concerning the regulation of SnRK2s, especially those involved in ABA signaling, a lot remains to be uncovered, the regulation of SnRK2s in an ABA-independent manner being particularly understudied. Here, we present an overview of available data, discuss some controversial issues, and provide our perspective on SnRK2 regulation.
SNF1 相关激酶 2（SnRK2s）是植物对环境线索反应的核心调节剂，同时在有利条件下对植物发育和生长起着关键作用。它们被激活以响应渗透胁迫，其中一些还响应脱落酸（ABA），后者是 ABA 信号转导中的关键因素。SnRK2s 可以被视为生长和应激反应之间的分子开关；因此，它们的活性受到严格调控；仅在需要触发反应的短时间内被诱导，否则保持在非常低的水平。这意味着对植物细胞中 SnRK2s 的严格和多方面的控制。尽管有关 SnRK2s 的调节，特别是涉及 ABA 信号转导的 SnRK2s 的调节方面有了新的信息，但仍有很多需要发现，ABA 独立方式的 SnRK2s 调节尤其研究不足。在这里，我们概述了现有的数据，讨论了一些有争议的问题，并提供了我们对 SnRK2 调节的看法。
