Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of IRAN, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2021 Oct 1;21(1):246. doi: 10.1186/s12906-021-03423-x.
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection is a continual threat to the health of animals and humans globally. Consumption of the conventional drugs has shown several side effects and drug resistance. This study was aimed to screen some Iranian medicinal plants extracts and their fractions against influenza A virus.
Glycyrrhiza glabra (rhizome), Myrtus commonis (leaves), Melissa officinalis (leaves), Hypericum perforatum (aerial parts), Tilia platyphyllos (flower), Salix alba (bark), and Camellia sinensis (green and fermented leaves) were extracted with 80% methanol and fractionated with chloroform and methanol, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the compounds were determined by MTT colorimetric assay on MDCK cells. The effective concentrations (EC) of the compounds were calculated from the MTT results compared to the negative control with no significant effects on cell viability. The effects of EC of the compounds on viral surface glycoproteins and viral titer were tested by HI and HA virological assays, respectively and compared with oseltamivir and amantadine. Preliminary phytochemical analysis were done for promising anti-IAV extracts and fractions.
The most effective samples against IAV titer (P ≤ 0.05) were crude extracts of G. glabra, M. officinalis and S. alba; methanol fractions of M. communis and M. officinalis; and chloroform fractions of M. communis and C. sinensis (fermented) mostly in co- and pre-penetration combined treatments. The potential extracts and fractions were rich in flavonoids, tannins, steroids and triterpenoids.
The outcomes confirmed a scientific basis for anti-influenza A virus capacity of the extracts and fractions from the selected plants for the first time, and correlated their effects with their phytochemical constituents. It is worth focusing on elucidating pure compounds and identifying their mechanism(s) of action.
甲型流感病毒（IAV）感染是全球动物和人类健康的持续威胁。常规药物的使用已显示出多种副作用和耐药性。本研究旨在筛选一些伊朗药用植物提取物及其馏分对甲型流感病毒的抑制作用。
采用 80%甲醇对甘草（根）、桃金娘（叶）、马郁兰（叶）、贯叶连翘（地上部分）、椴树（花）、白柳（树皮）和茶（绿和发酵叶）进行提取，分别用氯仿和甲醇进行馏分。通过 MTT 比色法在 MDCK 细胞上测定化合物的细胞毒性。根据 MTT 结果计算有效浓度（EC），与对细胞活力无显著影响的阴性对照进行比较。通过 HI 和 HA 病毒学测定分别检测 EC 对病毒表面糖蛋白和病毒滴度的影响，并与奥司他韦和金刚烷胺进行比较。对有希望的抗 IAV 提取物和馏分进行了初步的植物化学分析。
对 IAV 滴度最有效的样品（P≤0.05）是甘草、马郁兰和白柳的粗提取物；桃金娘和马郁兰的甲醇馏分；以及桃金娘和发酵茶的氯仿馏分，主要在共同和预先渗透联合治疗中。潜在的提取物和馏分富含类黄酮、单宁、甾体和三萜类化合物。
研究结果首次证实了所选植物提取物和馏分抗甲型流感病毒的能力有科学依据，并将其作用与其植物化学成分相关联。值得关注的是阐明纯化合物并确定其作用机制。
