ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), 208024 Kanpur, India.
Global Crop Diversity Trust, 53113 Bonn, Germany.
Trends Biotechnol. 2022 Apr;40(4):412-431. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.08.009. Epub 2021 Oct 8.
Crop wild relatives (CWRs) have provided breeders with several 'game-changing' traits or genes that have boosted crop resilience and global agricultural production. Advances in breeding and genomics have accelerated the identification of valuable CWRs for use in crop improvement. The enhanced genetic diversity of breeding pools carrying optimum combinations of favorable alleles for targeted crop-growing regions is crucial to sustain genetic gain. In parallel, growing sequence information on wild genomes in combination with precise gene-editing tools provide a fast-track route to transform CWRs into ideal future crops. Data-informed germplasm collection and management strategies together with adequate policy support will be equally important to improve access to CWRs and their sustainable use to meet food and nutrition security targets.
作物野生近缘种（CWR）为育种者提供了一些“改变游戏规则”的特性或基因，提高了作物的抗逆性和全球农业生产力。在育种和基因组学方面的进步加速了对有价值的 CWR 的鉴定，以便用于作物改良。携带目标作物种植地区有利等位基因最佳组合的育种群体的遗传多样性增强，对于维持遗传增益至关重要。与此同时，结合精确的基因编辑工具，对野生基因组的序列信息进行增强，为将 CWR 转化为理想的未来作物提供了一条快速通道。数据驱动的种质收集和管理策略以及充足的政策支持同样重要，这将有助于提高对 CWR 的获取，并实现其可持续利用，以满足粮食和营养安全目标。
