Ki Soo Mi, Jeong Hui Su, Lee Ji Eun
Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea.
Front Neurosci. 2021 Sep 30;15:736888. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.736888. eCollection 2021.
Many neurodegenerative diseases have been associated with defects in primary cilia, which are cellular organelles involved in diverse cellular processes and homeostasis. Several types of glial cells in both the central and peripheral nervous systems not only support the development and function of neurons but also play significant roles in the mechanisms of neurological disease. Nevertheless, most studies have focused on investigating the role of primary cilia in neurons. Accordingly, the interest of recent studies has expanded to elucidate the role of primary cilia in glial cells. Correspondingly, several reports have added to the growing evidence that most glial cells have primary cilia and that impairment of cilia leads to neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aimed to understand the regulatory mechanisms of cilia formation and the disease-related functions of cilia, which are common or specific to each glial cell. Moreover, we have paid close attention to the signal transduction and pathological mechanisms mediated by glia cilia in representative neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we expect that this field of research will clarify the mechanisms involved in the formation and function of glial cilia to provide novel insights and ideas for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
许多神经退行性疾病都与初级纤毛的缺陷有关，初级纤毛是参与多种细胞过程和体内平衡的细胞器。中枢神经系统和外周神经系统中的几种胶质细胞不仅支持神经元的发育和功能，而且在神经疾病机制中也发挥着重要作用。然而，大多数研究都集中在探究初级纤毛在神经元中的作用。因此，最近的研究兴趣已扩展到阐明初级纤毛在胶质细胞中的作用。相应地，一些报告进一步证明了越来越多的证据，即大多数胶质细胞都有初级纤毛，并且纤毛损伤会导致神经退行性疾病。在这篇综述中，我们旨在了解纤毛形成的调控机制以及每种胶质细胞共有的或特定的纤毛与疾病相关的功能。此外，我们密切关注代表性神经退行性疾病中胶质细胞纤毛介导的信号转导和病理机制。最后，我们期望该研究领域能够阐明胶质细胞纤毛形成和功能所涉及的机制，为未来神经退行性疾病的治疗提供新的见解和思路。
