Baki Abdulkader, Wiekhorst Frank, Bleul Regina
Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Straße 18-20, 55129 Mainz, Germany.
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestraße 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2021 Sep 30;8(10):134. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering8100134.
Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) have been developed and applied for a broad range of biomedical applications, such as diagnostic imaging, magnetic fluid hyperthermia, targeted drug delivery, gene therapy and tissue repair. As one key element, reproducible synthesis routes of MNPs are capable of controlling and adjusting structure, size, shape and magnetic properties are mandatory. In this review, we discuss advanced methods for engineering and utilizing MNPs, such as continuous synthesis approaches using microtechnologies and the biosynthesis of magnetosomes, biotechnological synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles from bacteria. We compare the technologies and resulting MNPs with conventional synthetic routes. Prominent biomedical applications of the MNPs such as diagnostic imaging, magnetic fluid hyperthermia, targeted drug delivery and magnetic actuation in micro/nanorobots will be presented.
磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒（MNPs）已被开发并应用于广泛的生物医学应用，如诊断成像、磁流体热疗、靶向药物递送、基因治疗和组织修复。作为一个关键要素，能够控制和调节结构、尺寸、形状和磁性的MNPs可重复合成路线是必不可少的。在本综述中，我们讨论了工程化和利用MNPs的先进方法，如使用微技术的连续合成方法以及磁小体的生物合成、利用细菌进行生物技术合成氧化铁纳米颗粒。我们将这些技术及由此产生的MNPs与传统合成路线进行比较。还将介绍MNPs在诊断成像、磁流体热疗、靶向药物递送以及微/纳米机器人中的磁驱动等突出的生物医学应用。
