Corning Inc., Science & Technology, Painted Post, NY 14870, USA.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA.
Biosensors (Basel). 2021 Oct 10;11(10):384. doi: 10.3390/bios11100384.
Biosensors hold great potential for revolutionizing personalized medicine and environmental monitoring. Their construction is the key factor which depends on either manufacturing techniques or robust sensing materials to improve efficacy of the device. Functional graphene is an attractive choice for transducing material due to its various advantages in interfacing with biorecognition elements. Graphene and its derivatives such as graphene oxide (GO) are thus being used extensively for biosensors for monitoring of diseases. In addition, graphene can be patterned to a variety of structures and is incorporated into biosensor devices such as microfluidic devices and electrochemical and plasmonic sensors. Among biosensing materials, GO is gaining much attention due to its easy synthesis process and patternable features, high functionality, and high electron transfer properties with a large surface area leading to sensitive point-of-use applications. Considering demand and recent challenges, this perspective review is an attempt to describe state-of-the-art biosensors based on functional graphene. Special emphasis is given to elucidating the mechanism of sensing while discussing different applications. Further, we describe the future prospects of functional GO-based biosensors for health care and environmental monitoring with a focus on additive manufacturing such as 3D printing.
生物传感器在推动个性化医疗和环境监测方面具有巨大潜力。其构建是关键因素，取决于制造技术或稳健的传感材料，以提高设备的效果。功能化石墨烯是一种很有吸引力的转换材料选择，因为它在与生物识别元件接口方面具有多种优势。因此，石墨烯及其衍生物（如氧化石墨烯（GO））被广泛用于监测疾病的生物传感器。此外，石墨烯可以被图案化为各种结构，并被纳入生物传感器设备中，如微流控设备和电化学和等离子体传感器。在生物传感材料中，GO 由于其易于合成的过程和可图案化的特点、高功能、大表面积和高电子转移特性而备受关注，这导致了其在即用型应用中的灵敏性。考虑到需求和最近的挑战，本观点综述尝试描述基于功能化石墨烯的最新生物传感器。特别强调了在讨论不同应用时对传感机制的阐明。此外，我们描述了基于功能化 GO 的生物传感器在医疗保健和环境监测方面的未来前景，重点关注增材制造（如 3D 打印）。
