Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, & Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València. Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
Skretting Group, Stavanger, Norway.
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2021 Dec;10(1):2128-2140. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1999177.
is a pathogen of public health concern that causes either primary septicemia after ingestion of raw shellfish or secondary septicemia after wound exposure to seawater. In consequence, shellfish and seawater are considered its main reservoirs. However, there is one aspect of its biology that is systematically overlooked: its association with fish in its natural environment. This association led in 1975 to the emergence of a zoonotic clade within phylogenetic lineage 2 following successive outbreaks of vibriosis in farmed eels. Although this clade is now worldwide distributed, no new zoonotic clades were subsequently reported. In this work, we have performed phylogenetic, genomic and functional studies to show that other zoonotic clades are in fact present in 4 of the 5 lineages of the species. Further, we associate these clades, most of them previously but incompletely described, with the acquisition of a family of fish virulence plasmids containing genes essential for resistance to the immune system of certain teleosts of interest in aquaculture. Consequently, our results provide several pieces of evidence about the importance of this species as a zoonotic agent linked to fish farms, as well as on the relevance of these artificial environments acting as drivers that accelerate the evolution of the species.
创伤弧菌是一种公共卫生关注的病原体，可导致生食贝类后原发性败血症或伤口暴露于海水后继发性败血症。因此，贝类和海水被认为是其主要宿主。然而，其生物学的一个方面被系统地忽视了：它在其自然环境中与鱼类的关联。这种关联导致在 1975 年，在养殖鳗鱼中连续爆发弧菌病之后，在系统发育谱系 2 中出现了一个人畜共患病的进化枝。尽管这个进化枝现在在全球范围内分布，但此后没有报告新的人畜共患病进化枝。在这项工作中，我们进行了系统发育、基因组和功能研究，表明在该物种的 5 个谱系中的 4 个谱系中实际上存在其他人畜共患病进化枝。此外，我们将这些进化枝（其中大多数以前被描述过，但不完整）与一组鱼类毒力质粒相关联，这些质粒包含对水产养殖中某些有价值的硬骨鱼类免疫系统的抗性至关重要的基因。因此，我们的结果提供了一些证据，证明了该物种作为与鱼类养殖场相关的人畜共患病病原体的重要性，以及这些人工环境作为加速物种进化的驱动因素的相关性。
