Han Soon-Ki, Kwak June M, Qi Xingyun
Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea.
Department of Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Oct 11;12:751852. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.751852. eCollection 2021.
Stomata are micropores that allow plants to breathe and play a critical role in photosynthesis and nutrient uptake by regulating gas exchange and transpiration. Stomatal development, therefore, is optimized for survival and growth of the plant despite variable environmental conditions. Signaling cascades and transcriptional networks that determine the birth, proliferation, and differentiation of a stomate have been identified. These networks ensure proper stomatal patterning, density, and polarity. Environmental cues also influence stomatal development. In this review, we highlight recent findings regarding the developmental program governing cell fate and dynamics of stomatal lineage cells at the cell state- or single-cell level. We also overview the control of stomatal development by environmental cues as well as developmental plasticity associated with stomatal function and physiology. Recent advances in our understanding of stomatal development will provide a route to improving photosynthesis and water-stress resilience of crop plants in the climate change we currently face.
气孔是允许植物呼吸的微孔，并且通过调节气体交换和蒸腾作用在光合作用和养分吸收中发挥关键作用。因此，尽管环境条件多变，气孔发育仍针对植物的生存和生长进行了优化。已经确定了决定气孔产生、增殖和分化的信号级联和转录网络。这些网络确保了气孔的正确模式、密度和极性。环境信号也会影响气孔发育。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了关于在细胞状态或单细胞水平上控制气孔谱系细胞命运和动态的发育程序的最新发现。我们还概述了环境信号对气孔发育的控制以及与气孔功能和生理学相关的发育可塑性。我们对气孔发育理解的最新进展将为在当前气候变化中提高作物光合作用和水分胁迫恢复力提供一条途径。
