Konac Deniz, Young Katherine S, Lau Jennifer, Barker Edward D
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, Camberwell, London, SE5 8AB UK.
Department of Psychology, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana, Turkey.
J Psychopathol Behav Assess. 2021;43(3):583-596. doi: 10.1007/s10862-021-09880-5. Epub 2021 Mar 30.
Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent and comorbid in adolescents, and this co-occurrence leads to worse prognosis and additional difficulties. The relationship between depression and anxiety must be delineated to, in turn, reduce and prevent the comorbidity, however our knowledge is still limited. We used network analysis to investigate bridge symptoms; symptoms that connect individual depression and anxiety symptoms and thus can help explain the comorbidity. We also examined the role of relevant risk and protective factors in explaining these symptom-level associations between these disorders. We analyzed data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Children and Parents ( = 3670). Depression and anxiety symptoms, peer victimization, bullying, peer relational problems, prosocial behavior, and parental monitoring were assessed at a single time point around age 13 years. Stressful life events (SLEs) were assessed at age 11 years. We identified the most prominent bridge symptoms among depression ("feeling unhappy", "feeling lonely") and anxiety symptoms ("worrying about past", "worrying about future"). Peer relational difficulties and SLEs were strongly associated with several depression and anxiety symptoms, such that these two risk factors created a link between individual depression and anxiety symptoms. Prosocial behavior had several negative associations with symptoms of both disorders, suggesting it can be an important protective factor.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10862-021-09880-5.
抑郁和焦虑在青少年中高度普遍且常合并出现，这种共病会导致更差的预后和更多困难。必须明确抑郁与焦虑之间的关系，进而减少和预防这种共病，但我们对此的了解仍然有限。我们使用网络分析来研究桥梁症状；即连接个体抑郁和焦虑症状从而有助于解释共病现象的症状。我们还研究了相关风险和保护因素在解释这些障碍之间症状水平关联方面的作用。我们分析了雅芳亲子纵向研究（n = 3670）的数据。在13岁左右的单一时间点评估抑郁和焦虑症状、同伴受害情况、欺凌行为、同伴关系问题、亲社会行为以及父母监督情况。在11岁时评估应激性生活事件（SLEs）。我们确定了抑郁症状（“感到不开心”“感到孤独”）和焦虑症状（“担心过去”“担心未来”）中最突出的桥梁症状。同伴关系困难和应激性生活事件与多种抑郁和焦虑症状密切相关，因此这两个风险因素在个体抑郁和焦虑症状之间建立了联系。亲社会行为与这两种障碍的症状有若干负相关关系，表明它可能是一个重要的保护因素。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s10862-021-09880-5获取的补充材料。
