Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK; SPECTRUM Consortium, London, UK.
Institute of General Practice, Addiction Research and Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Addict Behav. 2022 Feb;125:107159. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107159. Epub 2021 Oct 19.
To assess the prevalence of ever-drinking and hazardous drinking among adults in Germany, and investigate the factors associated with level of alcohol consumption.
Cross-sectional population survey of a representative sample of 11,331 adults in Germany (2018 to 2019). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) was used to define ever-drinking (AUDIT-C>=1), hazardous drinking (AUDIT-C>=5) and an overall AUDIT-C (alcohol consumption) score (from 0 to 12). Regression models were used to examine sociodemographic and health-related characteristics associated with AUDIT-C score.
The prevalence of ever-drinking and hazardous drinking was 84.7% (95% CI = 84.1-85.4) and 19.4% (95% CI = 18.6-20.1), respectively. The mean AUDIT-C score was 2.8 (SD = 2.16). AUDIT-C scores were independently positively associated with having medium (B = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.02-0.21) and high (B = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.01-0.21) educational qualifications (compared with low), monthly income (B = 0.31 per €1,000, 95% CI = 0.26-0.36), being a current smoker (B = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.86-1.02), anxiety (B = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.02-0.50), and living in North East (B = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.29-0.58), North West (B = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.39-0.55) and South East (B = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.64-0.93) Germany (compared with South West), and negatively associated with age (B = -0.17, 95% CI = -0.21- -0.13), being female (B = -1.21, 95% CI = -1.28- -1.14) and depression (B = -0.22, 95% CI = -0.43- -0.02).
In a large, representative sample of adults in Germany, the majority were ever-drinkers and one fifth were hazardous drinkers. Higher alcohol consumption scores were associated with being younger, male, current smoker, of high socioeconomic position, anxiety, and not living in South West Germany, and lower scores were associated with depression. These groups may benefit from targeted alcohol reduction policies and support.
评估德国成年人的饮酒和危险饮酒的流行率，并调查与饮酒量相关的因素。
对德国 11331 名成年人（2018 年至 2019 年）进行代表性横断面人群调查。使用酒精使用障碍识别测试-消费（AUDIT-C）来定义饮酒（AUDIT-C>=1）、危险饮酒（AUDIT-C>=5）和总体 AUDIT-C（饮酒）评分（0 至 12）。回归模型用于检查与 AUDIT-C 评分相关的社会人口统计学和与健康相关的特征。
饮酒和危险饮酒的流行率分别为 84.7%（95%CI=84.1-85.4）和 19.4%（95%CI=18.6-20.1）。AUDIT-C 评分的平均值为 2.8（SD=2.16）。AUDIT-C 评分与中等（B=0.12，95%CI=0.02-0.21）和高（B=0.11，95%CI=0.01-0.21）教育程度（与低相比）、月收入（B=0.31 欧元/千，95%CI=0.26-0.36）、当前吸烟（B=0.94，95%CI=0.86-1.02）、焦虑（B=0.26，95%CI=0.02-0.50）和居住在德国东北部（B=0.43，95%CI=0.29-0.58）、西北部（B=0.47，95%CI=0.39-0.55）和东南部（B=0.79，95%CI=0.64-0.93）（与西南部相比）呈独立正相关，与年龄（B=-0.17，95%CI=-0.21-0.13）、女性（B=-1.21，95%CI=-1.28-1.14）和抑郁（B=-0.22，95%CI=-0.43-0.02）呈独立负相关。
在德国一个大型、具有代表性的成年人样本中，大多数人饮酒，五分之一的人危险饮酒。较高的酒精消费评分与年轻、男性、当前吸烟者、高社会经济地位、焦虑以及不住在德国西南部有关，而较低的评分与抑郁有关。这些群体可能受益于有针对性的减少饮酒政策和支持。
