Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Department of Nutrition, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan.
La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Bundoora, Australia.
PLoS One. 2021 Nov 18;16(11):e0258123. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258123. eCollection 2021.
Nutrition knowledge (NK) is a modifiable determinant of diet intake and can positively influence athletic performance. This study aimed to (1) adapt and translate a validated general and sports NK questionnaire into Arabic (2) assess the NK of Jordanian sportspeople, and (3) evaluate the relationship between NK and various sociodemographic factors.
The Abridged Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (ANSKQ) was translated into Arabic using forward-backward translation and underwent pilot testing and psychometric validation (internal consistency, test-retest reliability, inter-rater agreement) using a convenience sample of 30 individuals. Following ANSKQ validation, athletes a from 50 sport institutes in Jordan were invited (via email) to complete the Arabic ANSKQ online. Differences in NK based on demographics were analysed using t-test or ANOVA for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables. The ability of demographic factors to predict NK score-category (poor/good/average/excellent) was assessed using multivariate logistic regression.
The Arabic ANSKQ had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92), test-retest reliability (Pearson r = 0.926) and inter-rater agreement (Cohen's k statistic = 0.89). A total of 3636 eligible participants completed the Arabic ANSKQ. Participants were mostly athletes (91.4%), female (68.0%), had normal BMI (50.6%), and played high-intensity sports (59.6%). 88.3% of participants had poor NK (<50%). There were statistically significant differences in NK score based on participant role (athlete vs coach), age, gender, BMI, nationality, smoking, years playing sport, sport frequency, sport intensity, and nutrition training. Multivariate modelling showed participant role, BMI, education level, sport frequency and nutrition training were predictors of NK category.
In conclusion, Jordanian sportspeople have poor NK and may benefit from increased nutrition training.
营养知识（NK）是饮食摄入的可改变决定因素，可积极影响运动表现。本研究旨在：（1）将经过验证的通用和运动 NK 问卷改编并翻译成阿拉伯语；（2）评估约旦运动员的 NK；（3）评估 NK 与各种社会人口因素之间的关系。
使用向前-向后翻译法将简化运动营养知识问卷（ANSKQ）翻译成阿拉伯语，并使用 30 名个体的便利样本进行了试点测试和心理测量验证（内部一致性、测试-重测可靠性、评分者间一致性）。在 ANSKQ 验证后，通过电子邮件邀请来自约旦 50 个体育机构的运动员填写在线阿拉伯语 ANSKQ。使用 t 检验或 ANOVA 分析基于人口统计学的 NK 差异连续变量和卡方检验分类变量。使用多元逻辑回归评估人口统计学因素预测 NK 评分类别（差/好/中/优）的能力。
阿拉伯语 ANSKQ 具有极好的内部一致性（Cronbach's alpha = 0.92）、测试-重测可靠性（Pearson r = 0.926）和评分者间一致性（Cohen's k 统计量 = 0.89）。共有 3636 名合格参与者完成了阿拉伯语 ANSKQ。参与者主要是运动员（91.4%）、女性（68.0%）、BMI 正常（50.6%）和从事高强度运动（59.6%）。88.3%的参与者 NK 较差（<50%）。根据参与者角色（运动员与教练）、年龄、性别、BMI、国籍、吸烟、运动年限、运动频率、运动强度和营养培训，NK 评分存在统计学显著差异。多元建模显示，参与者角色、BMI、教育水平、运动频率和营养培训是 NK 类别的预测因素。
总之，约旦运动员 NK 较差，可能受益于增加营养培训。
