Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Genes (Basel). 2021 Oct 23;12(11):1673. doi: 10.3390/genes12111673.
For over a century, breeders have worked to develop tomato () cultivars with resistance to Fusarium wilt () caused by the soilborne fungus f. sp. . Host resistance is the most effective strategy for the management of this disease. For each of the three races, resistance has been introgressed from wild tomato species, predominately in the form of R genes. The , and R genes have each been identified, as well as the corresponding Avr effectors in the fungus with the exception of . The mechanisms by which the R gene protein products recognize these effectors, however, has not been elucidated. Extensive genetic mapping, gene cloning, and genome sequencing efforts support the development of tightly-linked molecular markers, which greatly expedite tomato breeding and the development of elite, resistant cultivars. These resources also provide important tools for pyramiding resistance genes and should support the durability of host resistance.
一个多世纪以来，培育者一直致力于开发具有抗镰刀菌枯萎病（ Fusarium wilt ）的番茄品种，这种病是由土壤传播的真菌 f. sp. 引起的。寄主抗性是管理这种疾病最有效的策略。对于这三种 小种，抗性已经从野生番茄物种中导入，主要以 R 基因的形式。 、 和 基因已经被鉴定出来，真菌中的相应 Avr 效应子也被鉴定出来，除了 基因。然而，R 基因蛋白产物识别这些效应子的机制尚未阐明。广泛的遗传图谱、基因克隆和基因组测序工作支持紧密连锁的分子标记的开发，这极大地加速了番茄的选育和优良、抗病品种的开发。这些资源也为抗性基因的聚合提供了重要工具，应该支持寄主抗性的耐久性。
