Fan Yiling, Li Xueying, Ding Lan, Zhou Weiying, Xu Guangzhi, Wang Yan, Zhang Youzuo, Ni Qinxue
Food and Health College, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Agricultural and Forestry Technology Extension Center of Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Foods. 2021 Nov 15;10(11):2805. doi: 10.3390/foods10112805.
Gardeniae fructus is a common neuroprotective medicinal food in China, however the extraction efficiency and mixture activities are rarely mentioned. In this study, accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) parameters were optimized by a response surface methodology to extract antioxidants from Gardeniae fructus. Neuroprotective activity was evaluated using HO and amyloid-β peptide-treated PC12 cells. By comparing with three other extract methods (i.e., heated refluxing extraction (HRE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE)), it was found that the yield (35.10%), total iridoids (27.69%), total flavonoid (6.12%) content, antioxidant activities (IC on DPPH, 164.46 µg/mL; FRAP value 4703.54 μmol/L), and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory ability (IC 92.58 µg/mL) of ASE extract under the optimal condition (150 °C temperature, 10 min static time, 60% ethanol, 2 extract cycles) were significantly higher than other extract methods. The strongest ability to protect PC12 cells from damage was also present in ASE extract, as evidenced by decreasing lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde levels, elevating superoxide dismutase and glutathioneperoxidase activities. Compositional analysis indicated that the extremely high crocetin level in ASE extract (1.30 μg/mg) may offer great potential. Our results indicated that ASE is a proper extraction method that could offer great potential for finding the neuroprotective ability of Gardeniae fructus for the treatment of AD.
栀子是中国一种常见的具有神经保护作用的药食两用植物，然而其提取效率和混合活性却鲜有提及。在本研究中，采用响应面法优化加速溶剂萃取（ASE）参数，以从栀子中提取抗氧化剂。使用经羟基自由基（HO）和β-淀粉样肽处理的PC12细胞评估神经保护活性。通过与其他三种提取方法（即加热回流提取（HRE）、超声辅助提取（UAE）、微波辅助提取（MAE））进行比较，发现最佳条件（温度150℃、静态时间10分钟、乙醇浓度60%、提取2个循环）下ASE提取物的得率（35.10%）、总环烯醚萜（27.69%）、总黄酮（6.12%）含量、抗氧化活性（DPPH自由基清除率IC50为164.46μg/mL；铁离子还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）值为4703.54μmol/L）和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制能力（IC50为92.58μg/mL）均显著高于其他提取方法。ASE提取物对PC12细胞的损伤保护能力也最强，表现为乳酸脱氢酶和丙二醛水平降低，超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性升高。成分分析表明，ASE提取物中极高的西红花酸水平（1.30μg/mg）可能具有巨大潜力。我们的结果表明，ASE是一种合适的提取方法，在发现栀子治疗阿尔茨海默病的神经保护能力方面具有巨大潜力。
