Douglass Nicola, Omar Ruzaiq, Munyanduki Henry, Suzuki Akiko, de Moor Warren, Mutowembwa Paidamwoyo, Pretorius Alri, Nefefe Tshifhiwa, Schalkwyk Antoinette van, Kara Pravesh, Heath Livio, Williamson Anna-Lise
Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Oct 20;9(11):1215. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9111215.
Dual vaccines ( = 6) against both lumpy skin disease (LSD) and bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) were constructed, based on the BEFV glycoprotein (G) gene, with or without the BEFV matrix (M) protein gene, inserted into one of two different LSDV backbones, nLSDV∆SOD-UCT or nLSDVSODis-UCT. The inserted gene cassettes were confirmed by PCR; and BEFV protein was shown to be expressed by immunofluorescence. The candidate dual vaccines were initially tested in a rabbit model; neutralization assays using the South African BEFV vaccine (B-Phemeral) strain showed an African consensus G protein gene (Gb) to give superior neutralization compared to the Australian (Ga) gene. The two LSDV backbones expressing both Gb and M BEFV genes were tested in cattle and shown to elicit neutralizing responses to LSDV as well as BEFV after two inoculations 4 weeks apart. The vaccines were safe in cattle and all vaccinated animals were protected against virulent LSDV challenge, unlike a group of control naïve animals, which developed clinical LSD. Both neutralizing and T cell responses to LSDV were stimulated upon challenge. After two inoculations, all vaccinated animals produced BEFV neutralizing antibodies ≥ 1/20, which is considered protective for BEF.
基于牛流行热病毒（BEFV）糖蛋白（G）基因，构建了针对牛结节性皮肤病（LSD）和牛流行热（BEF）的双价疫苗（= 6种），插入或不插入BEFV基质（M）蛋白基因，插入两种不同的LSDV骨架之一，即nLSDV∆SOD-UCT或nLSDVSODis-UCT。通过PCR确认插入的基因盒；免疫荧光显示BEFV蛋白表达。候选双价疫苗最初在兔模型中进行测试；使用南非BEFV疫苗（B-Phemeral）株的中和试验表明，与澳大利亚（Ga）基因相比，非洲共有G蛋白基因（Gb）具有更好的中和作用。在牛中测试了表达Gb和M BEFV基因的两种LSDV骨架，结果表明，在间隔4周进行两次接种后，它们能引发对LSDV以及BEFV的中和反应。这些疫苗对牛是安全的，所有接种疫苗的动物都受到保护，免受强毒LSDV攻击，而一组未接种疫苗的对照动物则出现了临床LSD。攻击后刺激了对LSDV的中和和T细胞反应。两次接种后，所有接种疫苗的动物产生的BEFV中和抗体≥1/20，这被认为对BEF具有保护作用。
