Gong Susan, Khosla Lakshay, Gong Fred, Kasarla Nikhil, Everaert Karel, Weiss Jeffrey, Kabarriti Abdo
Department of Urology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
Department of Uro-Gynecology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Res Rep Urol. 2021 Nov 26;13:823-832. doi: 10.2147/RRU.S302843. eCollection 2021.
Current literature has suggested a relationship between nocturnal enuresis (NE) in childhood and the development of nocturia later in life as both disorders have similar underlying etiologies, comorbidities, and treatments. The objective was to synthesize the available evidence on the association between childhood NE and later presentation of nocturia.
PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for peer-reviewed studies published between January 1980 and April 2021. Case-control and cohort studies that reported on childhood NE and current nocturia were included. The PRISMA protocol was followed (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021256255). A random-effects model was applied to calculate the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Risk of bias was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria and with a funnel plot.
Of the 278 articles identified, 8 studies met inclusion criteria. The 6 case-control and 2 prospective cohort studies resulted in a total sample size of 26,070 participants. In a random-effect pooled analysis, childhood NE was significantly associated with the development of nocturia (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.11-2.40). Significant heterogeneity (I = 92.7%, p < 0.01) was identified among the included studies, which was reflected in an asymmetrical funnel plot. NE and nocturia have similar underlying etiologies of hormonal abnormalities, sleep disorders, physiological disorders, and psychological disorders.
The history of childhood NE is significantly associated with nocturia later in life. The data in this meta-analysis support this transition and identify potential similarities between the two disorders. The sparse number of articles relevant to this topic is a strong indicator of the need for more work on this transition from childhood to maturity. More studies are warranted to further explore the association between NE and nocturia.
当前文献表明，儿童期夜间遗尿（NE）与日后夜尿症的发生之间存在关联，因为这两种疾病具有相似的潜在病因、合并症及治疗方法。本研究的目的是综合关于儿童期NE与日后夜尿症表现之间关联的现有证据。
检索了PubMed、CINAHL、Scopus和谷歌学术数据库，查找1980年1月至2021年4月发表的同行评审研究。纳入报告了儿童期NE和当前夜尿症的病例对照研究和队列研究。遵循PRISMA方案（PROSPERO编号：CRD42021256255）。应用随机效应模型计算合并比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。使用推荐分级、评估、制定和评价（GRADE）标准及漏斗图评估偏倚风险。
在检索到的278篇文章中，8项研究符合纳入标准。6项病例对照研究和2项前瞻性队列研究的总样本量为26,070名参与者。在随机效应合并分析中，儿童期NE与夜尿症的发生显著相关（OR：1.75，95%CI：1.11 - 2.40）。纳入的研究之间存在显著异质性（I² = 92.7%，p < 0.01），这在不对称漏斗图中有所体现。NE和夜尿症具有相似的潜在病因，包括激素异常、睡眠障碍、生理紊乱和心理障碍。
儿童期NE病史与日后夜尿症显著相关。本荟萃分析中的数据支持这种转变，并确定了这两种疾病之间的潜在相似性。与该主题相关的文章数量稀少，有力地表明需要针对从儿童期到成年期的这种转变开展更多研究。有必要进行更多研究以进一步探索NE与夜尿症之间的关联。
