School of Public Health, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Arsi University, Assela, Ethiopia.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2021 Dec 20;19(1):268. doi: 10.1186/s12955-021-01900-y.
Covid-19 causes a wide range of symptoms in patients, ranging from mild manifestations to severe disease and death. This study assessed the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and associated factors of Covid-19 patients using primary data from confirmed cases in South Central Ethiopia.
We employed a facility-based, cross-sectional study design and conducted the study at the Bokoji Hospital Covid-19 treatment centre. A structured questionnaire and the EQ-5D-3L scale were used to collect the data for analysis. The HRQOL results measured by the EQ-5D-3L tool were converted to a health state utility (HSU) using the Zimbabwe tariff. The average health utility index and HSU-visual analogue scale across diverse sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test. We employed a multiple linear regression to examine factors associated with HSU values simultaneously. The data were analysed using STATA version 15.
The overall mean HSU score from the EQ-5D was 0.688 (SD: 0.285), and the median was 0.787 (IQR 0.596, 0.833). The mean HSU from the visual analogue scale score was 0.69 (SD: 0.129), with a median of 0.70 (IQR 0.60, 0.80). Those who received dexamethasone and intranasal oxygen supplement, those with comorbidity, those older than 55 years and those with a hospital stay of more than 15 days had significantly lower HSU scores than their counterparts (p < .001).
Covid-19 substantially impaired the HRQOL of patients in Ethiopia, especially among elderly patients and those with comorbidity. Therefore, clinical follow-up and psychological treatment should be encouraged for these groups. Moreover, the health utility values from this study can be used to evaluate quality adjusted life years for future cost-effectiveness analyses of prevention and treatment interventions against Covid-19.
Covid-19 会导致患者出现多种症状，从轻症到重症乃至死亡。本研究利用来自埃塞俄比亚中南部确诊病例的原始数据，评估了 Covid-19 患者的健康相关生活质量（HRQOL）及其相关因素。
我们采用基于机构的横断面研究设计，并在 Bokoji 医院 Covid-19 治疗中心进行了研究。我们使用结构化问卷和 EQ-5D-3L 量表收集数据进行分析。EQ-5D-3L 工具测量的 HRQOL 结果使用津巴布韦关税转换为健康状态效用（HSU）。使用 Mann-Whitney U 检验或 Kruskal-Wallis 检验比较不同社会人口学和临床特征的平均健康效用指数和 HSU-视觉模拟量表评分。我们采用多元线性回归同时检查与 HSU 值相关的因素。数据使用 STATA 版本 15 进行分析。
EQ-5D 的总体平均 HSU 评分为 0.688（SD：0.285），中位数为 0.787（IQR 0.596，0.833）。视觉模拟量表评分的平均 HSU 为 0.69（SD：0.129），中位数为 0.70（IQR 0.60，0.80）。接受地塞米松和鼻内氧补充、合并症、年龄超过 55 岁以及住院时间超过 15 天的患者的 HSU 评分明显低于对照组（p < 0.001）。
Covid-19 极大地损害了埃塞俄比亚患者的 HRQOL，尤其是老年患者和合并症患者。因此，应鼓励这些人群进行临床随访和心理治疗。此外，本研究中的健康效用值可用于评估未来针对 Covid-19 的预防和治疗干预措施的质量调整生命年的成本效益分析。
