College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Genes (Basel). 2021 Dec 19;12(12):2020. doi: 10.3390/genes12122020.
In the dairy industry, mammary system traits are economically important for dairy animals, and it is important to explain their fundamental genetic architecture in Holstein cattle. Good and stable mammary system-related teat traits are essential for producer profitability in animal fitness and in the safety of dairy production. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide association study on three traits-anterior teat position (ATP), posterior teat position (PTP), and front teat length (FTL)-in which the FarmCPU method was used for association analyses. Phenotypic data were collected from 1000 Chinese Holstein cattle, and the GeneSeek Genomic Profiler Bovine 100K single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) chip was used for cattle genotyping data. After the quality control process, 984 individual cattle and 84,406 SNPs remained for GWAS work analysis. Nine SNPs were detected significantly associated with mammary-system-related teat traits after a Bonferroni correction ( < 5.92 × 10), and genes within a region of 200 kb upstream or downstream of these SNPs were performed bioinformatics analysis. A total of 36 gene ontology (GO) terms and 3 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were significantly enriched ( < 0.05), and these terms and pathways are mainly related to metabolic processes, immune response, and cellular and amino acid catabolic processes. Eleven genes including , , , , , , , , , and were selected as candidate genes that might play roles in the teat traits of cows. These results identify SNPs and candidate genes that give helpful biological information for the genetic architecture of these teat traits, thus contributing to the dairy production, health, and genetic selection of Chinese Holstein cattle.
在乳品行业中，乳腺系统性状对奶牛具有重要的经济价值，因此解释荷斯坦奶牛乳腺系统性状的基础遗传结构非常重要。良好且稳定的乳腺系统相关乳头性状对于生产者的盈利能力、动物健康和乳品生产安全至关重要。本研究采用 FarmCPU 方法对三个性状（前乳头位置（ATP）、后乳头位置（PTP）和前乳头长度（FTL））进行全基因组关联分析。采用 GeneSeek Genomic Profiler Bovine 100K 单核苷酸多态性（SNP）芯片对 1000 头中国荷斯坦奶牛进行表型数据采集和基因型数据检测。经过质量控制过程，保留了 984 头个体牛和 84406 个 SNP 用于 GWAS 工作分析。在经过 Bonferroni 校正（<5.92×10）后，检测到 9 个 SNP 与乳腺系统相关乳头性状显著相关，对这些 SNP 上下游 200 kb 区域内的基因进行生物信息学分析。共富集到 36 个基因本体（GO）术语和 3 个京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）途径（<0.05），这些术语和途径主要与代谢过程、免疫反应以及细胞和氨基酸的分解代谢过程有关。共选择 11 个基因，包括、、、、、、、、和作为候选基因，这些候选基因可能在奶牛乳头性状中发挥作用。这些结果确定了 SNP 和候选基因，为这些乳头性状的遗传结构提供了有价值的生物学信息，从而为中国荷斯坦奶牛的乳品生产、健康和遗传选择做出贡献。
