School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney Plant Breeding Institute, 107 Cobbitty Road, Cobbitty, NSW, 2570, Australia.
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, 813210, India.
Theor Appl Genet. 2022 Mar;135(3):865-882. doi: 10.1007/s00122-021-04003-w. Epub 2022 Jan 7.
New genomic regions for high accumulation of 10 minerals were identified. The 1B:1R and 2NS translocations enhanced concentrations of four and two minerals, respectively, in addition to disease resistance. Puccinia species, the causal agents of rust diseases of wheat, have the potential to cause total crop failures due their high evolutionary ability to acquire virulence for resistance genes deployed in commercial cultivars. Hence, the discovery of genetically diverse sources of rust resistance is essential. On the other hand, biofortification of wheat for essential nutrients, such as zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe), is also an objective in wheat improvement programs to tackle micronutrient deficiency. The development of rust-resistant and nutrient-concentrated wheat cultivars would be important for sustainable production and the fight against malnutrition. The HarvestPlus association mapping panel (HPAMP) that included nutrient-dense sources from diverse genetic backgrounds was genotyped using a 90 K Infinium SNP array and 13 markers linked with rust resistance genes. The HPAMP was used for genome-wide association mapping to identify genomic regions underpinning rust resistance and mineral accumulation. Twelve QTL for rust resistance and 53 for concentrations of 10 minerals were identified. Comparison of results from this study with the published QTL information revealed the detection of already known and some putatively new genes/QTL underpinning stripe rust and leaf rust resistance in this panel. Thirty-six new QTL for mineral concentration were identified on 17 chromosomes. Accessions carrying the 1B:1R translocation accumulated higher concentrations of Zn, Fe, Copper (Cu) and sulphur (S). The 2NS segment showed enhanced accumulation of grain Fe and Cu. Fifteen rust-resistant and biofortified accessions were identified for use as donor sources in breeding programs.
发现了 10 种矿物质高度积累的新基因组区域。1B:1R 和 2NS 易位分别增强了四种和两种矿物质的浓度，此外还增强了抗病性。引起小麦锈病的柄锈菌物种由于具有很高的进化能力，能够获得对商业品种中使用的抗性基因的毒性，因此有可能导致作物全部歉收。因此，发现具有遗传多样性的锈病抗性来源至关重要。另一方面，通过生物强化提高小麦对锌（Zn）和铁（Fe）等必需营养物质的含量，也是小麦改良计划中的一个目标，以解决微量营养素缺乏问题。培育具有锈病抗性和营养物质浓缩的小麦品种对于可持续生产和对抗营养不良非常重要。HarvestPlus 关联图谱面板（HPAMP）包括来自不同遗传背景的营养丰富的来源，使用 90K Infinium SNP 阵列和 13 个与锈病抗性基因连锁的标记进行了基因型分析。利用 HPAMP 进行全基因组关联作图，鉴定了与锈病抗性和矿物质积累相关的基因组区域。鉴定出 12 个与锈病抗性相关的 QTL 和 53 个与 10 种矿物质浓度相关的 QTL。将本研究的结果与已发表的 QTL 信息进行比较，揭示了在该面板中检测到已有的和一些潜在的新基因/QTL，它们是条纹锈病和叶锈病抗性的基础。在 17 条染色体上鉴定出 36 个新的矿物质浓度 QTL。携带 1B:1R 易位的品系积累了更高浓度的 Zn、Fe、Cu 和 S。2NS 片段显示出对谷物 Fe 和 Cu 积累的增强。鉴定出 15 个具有锈病抗性和生物强化的品系，可作为育种计划中的供体来源。
