Escuela de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Temuco 4801043, Chile.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 23;19(1):95. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010095.
The study aimed to systematically analyze the empirical evidence that is available concerning batteries, tests or instruments that assess hot executive functions (EFs) in preschoolers, identifying which are the most used instruments, as well as the most evaluated hot EFs. For the review and selection of articles, the systematic review methodology PRISMA was used. The article search considered the EBSCO, Web of Science (WoS), SciELO and PubMed databases, with the keywords "Hot executive function", "Assessment", "test", "evaluation", using the Boolean operators AND and OR indistinctly, between 2000 and April 2021. Twenty-four articles were selected and analyzed. The most commonly used instruments to assess hot EFs in preschool children were the Delayed Gratification Task, the Child's Play Task, and the Delayed Reward Task. Amongst those analyzed, 17 instruments were found to assess hot EFs in preschoolers. The accuracy and conceptual clarity between the assessment of cognitive and emotional components in EFs is still debatable. Nevertheless, the consideration of affective temperature and reward stimulus type, could be an important influence when assessing EFs in this age range. Evidence of the possible involvement of cortical and subcortical structures, as well as the limbic system, in preschool executive functioning assessment has also been incorporated.
本研究旨在系统分析现有的关于评估学龄前儿童热执行功能（EF）的电池、测试或仪器的实证证据，确定最常用的仪器以及评估的最常见的热 EF。为了进行综述和文章选择，使用了 PRISMA 系统综述方法。文章检索考虑了 EBSCO、Web of Science（WoS）、SciELO 和 PubMed 数据库，使用了“Hot executive function”、“Assessment”、“test”、“evaluation”等关键词，并使用了 AND 和 OR 布尔运算符，检索时间为 2000 年至 2021 年 4 月。共选择和分析了 24 篇文章。评估学龄前儿童热 EF 最常用的仪器是延迟满足任务、儿童游戏任务和延迟奖励任务。在所分析的仪器中，发现有 17 种仪器可用于评估学龄前儿童的热 EF。评估认知和情感成分在 EF 中的准确性和概念清晰度仍存在争议。然而，在评估这个年龄段的 EF 时，考虑情感温度和奖励刺激类型可能会产生重要影响。本研究还纳入了有关皮质和皮质下结构以及边缘系统在学龄前执行功能评估中的可能参与的证据。
