Mandal Sumona, Simmons Niall, Awan Sidra, Chamari Karim, Ahmed Irfan
University College London, Medical School, London, UK.
University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2022 Jan 7;8(1):e001206. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001206. eCollection 2022.
Intermittent fasting (IF) is an increasingly popular dietary practice, and its implementation is found throughout human civilisation in various cultural, spiritual and religious traditions. Emerging evidence has shown that the health benefits of IF stretch beyond calorie restriction and weight loss. These benefits include metabolic shifts in energy production, the optimisation of peripheral circadian clocks, and overall improvement in physiological markers of metabolic health. IF has been proposed to reduce systemic inflammation and have a role in the prevention and treatment of chronic disease. For the athlete, IF protocols offer a potential new frontier for maintaining performance in the fasted state. They may allow athletes to optimise training adaptions, while respecting individual cultural, religious, and/or spiritual preferences to fast and exercise. Below, we discuss the physiological impact of fasted exercise while highlighting areas for future work to improve our understanding and implementation of the practice for the benefit of both the active general community and sporting populations.
间歇性禁食（IF）是一种越来越流行的饮食习惯，在人类文明的各种文化、精神和宗教传统中都有其身影。新出现的证据表明，间歇性禁食的健康益处不仅仅局限于热量限制和体重减轻。这些益处包括能量产生的代谢转变、外周生物钟的优化，以及代谢健康生理指标的整体改善。有人提出，间歇性禁食可减轻全身炎症，并在慢性病的预防和治疗中发挥作用。对于运动员来说，间歇性禁食方案为在禁食状态下保持运动表现提供了一个潜在的新领域。它们可能使运动员在优化训练适应性的同时，尊重个人在禁食和锻炼方面的文化、宗教和/或精神偏好。下面，我们将讨论禁食运动的生理影响，同时突出未来需要开展研究的领域，以增进我们对这一做法的理解并更好地将其应用于普通运动人群和运动员群体。
