Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Sleep Research Centre, Department of Neurology IC, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94108 Troina, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jan 27;23(3):1430. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031430.
This review investigates the association between vitamin D and sleep disorders. Vitamin D is an essential nutrient known to play an important role in the growth and bone health of the human body, but it also appears to play a role in sleep. The goal of our review is to examine the association between vitamin D and sleep disorders in children and adolescents. We summarize the evidence about the role and the mechanism of action of vitamin D in children and adolescents with sleep disorders such as insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), restless legs syndrome (RLS), and other sleep disorders. Systematic electronic database searches were conducted using Pubmed and Cochrane Library. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed. The studies that met the established inclusion criteria were analyzed and compared. Results suggest a strict relationship between vitamin D deficiency in children and sleep disorders. There is evidence that vitamin D is implicated in the different neurochemical mechanisms involved in sleep regulation and mainly in the serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways. This might be responsible for the association of vitamin D deficiency and restless sleep, sleep hyperhidrosis, OSA, and RLS.
本综述探讨了维生素 D 与睡眠障碍之间的关联。维生素 D 是一种必需营养素，已知其在人体生长和骨骼健康中发挥着重要作用，但它似乎也在睡眠中发挥作用。我们综述的目的是研究维生素 D 与儿童和青少年睡眠障碍之间的关联。我们总结了关于维生素 D 在失眠、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）、不宁腿综合征（RLS）和其他睡眠障碍等睡眠障碍儿童和青少年中的作用和作用机制的证据。使用 Pubmed 和 Cochrane Library 进行了系统的电子数据库搜索。遵循了系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南。分析并比较了符合既定纳入标准的研究。结果表明，儿童维生素 D 缺乏与睡眠障碍之间存在严格的关系。有证据表明，维生素 D 参与了睡眠调节中涉及的不同神经化学机制，主要是在 5-羟色胺能和多巴胺能途径中。这可能是维生素 D 缺乏与不安睡眠、睡眠多汗、OSA 和 RLS 相关的原因。
