Garofalo Gioacchino, Gawryszewski Luiz L, Riggio Lucia
Department of Medicine & Surgery, Unit of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Cogn Process. 2022 May;23(2):269-283. doi: 10.1007/s10339-022-01082-5. Epub 2022 Feb 24.
In many daily face-to-face interactions, people are able to take the perspective of others, for example, coding right and left based on point-of-view of others. In the present study, we investigated whether observers are able to take the perspective of a non-human figure such as a cat, observing the same effects obtained with human or robot avatars. In both experiments, we used a centrally presented stimulus (i.e. a cat), with its tail lateralized to the left or to the right. Participants had to respond to the side of the tail with a lateralized keypress. In Experiment 1 (spatial perspective taking task), participants were required to explicitly adopt the cat's perspective to respond, whereas in Experiment 2 (SR compatibility task), this was not explicitly required. In both experiments, faster RTs are obtained when the cat is presented back, with a greater difference between front and back views when the tail is on the right; furthermore, there is no temporal modulation of the back-front effect. These common results between the two experiments are interpreted on the basis of the spatial perspective taking processes, elicited voluntarily (Experiment 1) or spontaneously (Experiment 2).
在许多日常面对面互动中，人们能够采取他人的视角，例如，根据他人的视角来区分左右。在本研究中，我们调查了观察者是否能够采取非人类角色（如猫）的视角，观察与人类或机器人化身相同的效果。在两个实验中，我们都使用了中央呈现的刺激物（即一只猫），其尾巴偏向左侧或右侧。参与者必须通过向一侧按键来对尾巴的方向做出反应。在实验1（空间视角采择任务）中，要求参与者明确采取猫的视角来做出反应，而在实验2（刺激-反应兼容性任务）中，则没有明确要求这一点。在两个实验中，当猫背向呈现时，反应时更快，当尾巴在右侧时，前后视图之间的差异更大；此外，前后效应没有时间调制。基于空间视角采择过程，对两个实验的这些共同结果进行了解释，该过程在实验1中是自愿引发的，在实验2中是自发引发的。
