Praça Gibson Moreira, Andrade André Gustavo Pereira, Bredt Sarah da Glória Teles, Moura Felipe Arruda, Moreira Pedro Emilio Drumond
Departamento de Esportes, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Universidade Estadual de Londrina, BrazilDepartamento de Ciências do Esporte, Londrina, Brazil.
Sci Med Footb. 2022 Feb;6(1):66-71. doi: 10.1080/24733938.2020.1869811. Epub 2021 Jan 3.
This study compared the physical, physiological, and spatiotemporal responses of soccer athletes in small-sided games (SSG) in two experimental conditions: progression to the target rule (PG), in which they should take the ball to the opponent's endline to score points, and SSG with regular rules (RG), in which they should score goals to win the game.
Twenty U-20 athletes played both SSG formats. The SSG were played as four 4-minute bouts with four minutes of passive recovery in two consecutive days. Heart rate, physical (distances and accelerations), and positional data (length, width, and spatial exploration) were collected by a 10 hz GPS device and compared between the protocols using a MANOVA with Bonferroni's correction for multiple comparisons.
Results showed that the RG condition demanded more spatial exploration eliciting greater occupation of the pitch width. There were higher mean and maximum heart rates and greater low-to-moderate distances and accelerations in the RG, while the PG rule increased the distances covered at the highest speed and acceleration zones.
The progression to the target rule should be adopted to emphasize players' ability to use the width during the offensive phase. Additionally, the PG rule should also be used to emphasize the development of speed and acceleration skills.
本研究比较了足球运动员在两种实验条件下进行小型比赛（SSG）时的身体、生理和时空反应：目标推进规则（PG），即球员需将球带到对方底线得分；常规规则小型比赛（RG），即球员需进球赢得比赛。
20名U-20运动员参与了两种SSG形式的比赛。SSG以四场4分钟的回合进行，连续两天进行，每场之间有4分钟的被动恢复时间。通过10赫兹的GPS设备收集心率、身体数据（距离和加速度）以及位置数据（长度、宽度和空间探索），并使用多变量方差分析（MANOVA）及Bonferroni校正进行多重比较，以对比两种比赛方案的数据。
结果显示，RG比赛条件需要更多的空间探索，导致对场地宽度的占用更大。RG比赛中的平均心率和最高心率更高，低至中等距离和加速度也更大，而PG规则增加了在最高速度和加速度区域的跑动距离。
应采用目标推进规则来强调球员在进攻阶段利用场地宽度的能力。此外，PG规则也应用于强调速度和加速技能的发展。
