Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh.
Department of Oriental Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Sciences, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea.
Molecules. 2022 Feb 22;27(5):1481. doi: 10.3390/molecules27051481.
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a disease-refractive lung condition with an increased rate of mortality. The potential factors causing PF include viral infections, radiation exposure, and toxic airborne chemicals. Idiopathic PF (IPF) is related to pneumonia affecting the elderly and is characterized by recurring scar formation in the lungs. An impaired wound healing process, defined by the dysregulated aggregation of extracellular matrix components, triggers fibrotic scar formation in the lungs. The potential pathogenesis includes oxidative stress, altered cell signaling, inflammation, etc. Nintedanib and pirfenidone have been approved with a conditional endorsement for the management of IPF. In addition, natural product-based treatment strategies have shown promising results in treating PF. In this study, we reviewed the recently published literature and discussed the potential uses of natural products, classified into three types-isolated active compounds, crude extracts of plants, and traditional medicine, consisting of mixtures of different plant products-in treating PF. These natural products are promising in the treatment of PF via inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial mesenchymal transition, as well as affecting TGF-β-mediated cell signaling, etc. Based on the current review, we have revealed the signaling mechanisms of PF pathogenesis and the potential opportunities offered by natural product-based medicine in treating PF.
肺纤维化（PF）是一种疾病性肺部疾病，死亡率较高。导致 PF 的潜在因素包括病毒感染、辐射暴露和有毒空气化学物质。特发性 PF（IPF）与影响老年人的肺炎有关，其特征是肺部反复形成疤痕。受损的伤口愈合过程，定义为细胞外基质成分的失调聚集，会引发肺部纤维化疤痕的形成。潜在的发病机制包括氧化应激、细胞信号改变、炎症等。尼达尼布和吡非尼酮已被批准有条件用于 IPF 的治疗。此外，基于天然产物的治疗策略在治疗 PF 方面显示出了有希望的结果。在这项研究中，我们回顾了最近发表的文献，并讨论了天然产物的潜在用途，分为三类：分离的活性化合物、植物的粗提取物和由不同植物产品组成的混合物的传统医学，在治疗 PF 方面。这些天然产物通过抑制炎症、氧化应激和内皮间质转化，以及影响 TGF-β 介导的细胞信号等，在治疗 PF 方面具有广阔的应用前景。基于目前的综述，我们揭示了 PF 发病机制的信号机制以及天然产物药物在治疗 PF 方面提供的潜在机会。
