Wan Xiaoping, Chen Yangyang, Geng Funeng, Sheng Yongmei, Wang Fang, Guo Jinlin
Key Laboratory of Systematic Research of Distinctive Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Ann Transl Med. 2022 Feb;10(4):236. doi: 10.21037/atm-21-7046.
Wound healing is a complex and multifactorial response to the disruption of the normal anatomy and function of skin tissue, which mainly includes four progressive stages: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. Wound healing is a complex process, and multiple conditions can lead to impaired wound healing and, consequently, scar formation. Natural products discovered and applied for a long time have always been the source of new drugs. With the deepening of research, the role of natural products in promoting wound repair has gradually been a focus. Some natural products and compound drugs are effective in promoting skin wound healing and in reducing adverse reactions after wound healing.
This article reviews the mechanism of natural products and some compound drugs in healing skin wounds from the following aspects: related cellular effects during wound repair and scar formation, regulation of growth factors, extracellular matrix (ECM), and collagen metabolism.
Proteolysis by proteolytic enzymes, such as plasmin, matrix metalloproteinases, and their activators and inhibitors, plays a critical role in wound repair. Some keratinocytes often express some matrix metalloproteinases and plasminogen activators, thus promoting the hydrolysis of components such as fibrin in blood clots to facilitate migration.
In this paper, we review recent studies on the role and mechanism of some natural products on scar formation found in wound repair. We aim to provide a basis for the in-depth study of the intrinsic mechanism of natural products in repairing wounds and a reference for further development of drugs for wound repair with better efficacy and fewer side effects.
伤口愈合是皮肤组织正常解剖结构和功能受到破坏后的复杂多因素反应，主要包括四个渐进阶段：止血、炎症、增殖和重塑。伤口愈合是一个复杂的过程，多种情况可导致伤口愈合受损，进而形成瘢痕。长期以来被发现和应用的天然产物一直是新药的来源。随着研究的深入，天然产物在促进伤口修复中的作用逐渐成为焦点。一些天然产物和复方药物在促进皮肤伤口愈合及减少伤口愈合后的不良反应方面具有显著效果。
本文从以下几个方面综述天然产物及一些复方药物在皮肤伤口愈合中的作用机制：伤口修复和瘢痕形成过程中的相关细胞效应、生长因子调节、细胞外基质（ECM）及胶原蛋白代谢。
纤溶酶、基质金属蛋白酶等蛋白水解酶及其激活剂和抑制剂的蛋白水解作用在伤口修复中起关键作用。一些角质形成细胞常表达某些基质金属蛋白酶和纤溶酶原激活剂，从而促进血凝块中纤维蛋白等成分的水解，便于细胞迁移。
本文综述了近期关于伤口修复中一些天然产物对瘢痕形成的作用及机制的研究。旨在为深入研究天然产物修复伤口的内在机制提供依据，并为进一步开发疗效更好、副作用更少的伤口修复药物提供参考。
