Dube Kaitano
Ecotourism Management, Vaal University of Technology, Andries Potgieter BlvD, Vanderbijlpark, 1911, South Africa.
Phys Chem Earth (2002). 2022 Jun;126:103140. doi: 10.1016/j.pce.2022.103140. Epub 2022 Mar 17.
According to United Nations, World Tourism Organization COVID-19 has had the most devastating impact on the entire global tourism value chain, which resulted in a 74% decline in international passenger arrival, a US$1.3 trillion loss in international tourism receipts, over the US $ 2trillion loss of global domestic product and placing between 100 and 120 million jobs at risk globally. While the initial impact of the pandemic was uniform across the world, the recovery was expected to be varied across the region due to inequitable access to the COVID-19 vaccine. This study seeks to examine the implications of vaccination inequity on tourism recovery in the global tourism market. The study uses secondary, archival data and harnesses the advantages of big data generated from online activities from tourists and tourism companies obtained from authoritative sources. The study found that inequitable access to vaccinations produced a skewed recovery favouring vaccinated regions concentrated in the developed world, leaving poor regions such as Africa behind. The robot system characterising the vaccine-induced recovery had also created a vaccine diplomatic nightmare that scuttled global tourism recovery efforts. To ensure sustainable recovery, there is a need to ensure global vaccination access by rechannelling some of the excess vaccines in developed countries to countries that needs them to ensure the opening up of the entire tourism global market and reduce vulnerabilities that are coming from COVID-19 variants, which poses a threat to the gains made from the current vaccination program. The study concludes that there will not be any meaningful economic recovery without a wholesale approach covering the entire global population.
据联合国世界旅游组织称，新冠疫情对全球旅游价值链造成了最具毁灭性的影响，导致国际旅客抵达人数下降74%，国际旅游收入损失1.3万亿美元，全球国内生产总值损失超过2万亿美元，全球有1亿至1.2亿个工作岗位面临风险。虽然疫情的最初影响在全球范围内是一致的，但由于新冠疫苗的获取不平等，预计各地区的复苏情况会有所不同。本研究旨在探讨疫苗接种不平等对全球旅游市场旅游业复苏的影响。该研究使用二手档案数据，并利用从权威来源获取的游客和旅游公司在线活动产生的大数据优势。研究发现，疫苗接种机会不平等导致了一种偏向于集中在发达国家的接种地区的不均衡复苏，使非洲等贫困地区落在了后面。表征疫苗诱导复苏的机器人系统也制造了一场疫苗外交噩梦，破坏了全球旅游业的复苏努力。为确保可持续复苏，有必要通过将发达国家的一些过剩疫苗重新分配到有需求的国家，以确保全球范围内的疫苗接种机会，从而确保整个全球旅游市场的开放，并减少新冠病毒变种带来的脆弱性，这些变种对当前疫苗接种计划所取得的成果构成威胁。该研究得出结论，若不采取覆盖全球全体人口的全面方法，就不会有任何有意义的经济复苏。
